Shloka 25

Devanagari script

अपस्मारश्नातिवादस्तथा सम्भावना55त्मनि । एतैविंमुक्तो दोषैर्य: स दान्त: सद्धिरुच्यते

Transliteration

apasmāraś cātivādas tathā sambhāvanā ātmani | etair vimukto doṣair yaḥ sa dāntaḥ sādubhir ucyate ||

Translation

சனத்ஸுஜாதர் கூறுகிறார்—மனக்குழப்பு/மறதி (அபஸ்மாரம்), அளவுக்கு மீறிய வாதப் பேச்சு (அதிவாதம்), மற்றும் தன்னம்பிக்கை என்ற பெயரில் அகந்தை (ஆத்ம-ஸம்பாவனை)—இக்குறைகளிலிருந்து விடுபட்டவனே ‘தாந்தன்’ எனப்படுவான்; நல்லோர் அவனைத் தான் சுயக்கட்டுப்பாடு உடையவன் என்று ஏற்றுக்கொள்வர்.

Word by Word

अपस्मारःforgetfulness/mental lapse

नातिवादःnot speaking excessively (absence of over-argument)

तथाand/also; likewise

सम्भावनाself-conceit/overestimation (lit. high opinion)

आत्मनिin oneself

एतैःby these

विमुक्तःfreed/released

दोषैःby faults; from faults (as the things removed)

यःwho

सःhe

दान्तःself-controlled; disciplined

सद्भिःby the good (people)

उच्यतेis said/called

Speaker

सनत्युजात उवाच

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Self-mastery is defined by freedom from key inner faults—bewilderment of mind, quarrelsome/excessive speech, and self-conceit. Such freedom is what the virtuous recognize as true discipline (dānta).

What is happening in the narrative?

In Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs Dhṛtarāṣṭra on dharma and inner governance as the Kurukṣetra conflict approaches, emphasizing moral restraint and mental clarity as prerequisites for wise action.