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Shloka 25

हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः

Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace

अभिप्रायं यो विदित्वा तु भर्तु: सर्वाणि कार्याणि करोत्यतन्द्री । वक्ता हितानामनुरक्त आर्य: शक्तिज्ञ आत्मेव हि सोडनुकम्प्य:

abhiprāyaṁ yo viditvā tu bhartuḥ sarvāṇi kāryāṇi karoty atandrī | vaktā hitānām anurakta āryaḥ śaktijña ātmā iva hi so ’nukampyaḥ ||

தன் தலைவனின் நோக்கத்தை அறிந்து சோம்பல் இன்றி எல்லாப் பணிகளையும் நிறைவேற்றுபவன், நலமான ஆலோசனையைத் துணிவுடன் கூறுபவன், தலைவனுக்கு அன்புடன் பற்றுடையவன், நற்குணமுடையவன், அரசனின் வலிமையை அறிந்தவன்—அத்தகைய பணியாளனைத் தன்னையே போல் கருதி அருள் காட்ட வேண்டும்।

अभिप्रायम्intention, purpose
अभिप्रायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभिप्राय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विदित्वाhaving known
विदित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भर्तुःof the master/lord
भर्तुः:
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कार्याणिtasks, duties
कार्याणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
करोतिdoes, performs
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतन्द्रीunwearied, not lazy
अतन्द्री:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतन्द्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वक्ताspeaker
वक्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवक्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हितानाम्of beneficial things / of welfare
हितानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अनुरक्तःattached, devoted
अनुरक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुरक्त
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
आर्यःnoble man, gentleman
आर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्तिज्ञःknower of (the king's) power/capacity
शक्तिज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्तिज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्and/also (emphatic particle)
उत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत्
अनुकम्प्यःto be shown compassion; deserving favor
अनुकम्प्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुकम्प्य
Formण्यत्/यत् (gerundive; 'to be ...'), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
bhartṛ (the master/lord—generic ruler/employer)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should value and protect the servant-advisor who combines (1) insight into the master’s intention, (2) tireless execution, (3) welfare-oriented truthful speech, (4) loyal attachment, (5) noble character, and (6) discernment of the ruler’s real capacity. Such a person is rare and should be treated as one’s own self.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers ethical and political counsel in the tense lead-up to war. Here he describes the marks of an exemplary attendant/counselor and urges that such a person be shown special favor—implying that wise governance depends on keeping honest, capable advisors close.