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Shloka 23

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

ऋणजु पश्यति य: सर्व चक्षुषानुपिबन्निव | आसीनमपि तूष्णीकमनुरज्यन्ति तं प्रजा:

ṛṇaju paśyati yaḥ sarva cakṣuṣānupibann iva | āsīnam api tūṣṇīkam anurajyanti taṃ prajāḥ ||

யார் அனைவரையும் நேர்மையான, அன்பு நிறைந்த பார்வையால்—கண்களால் குடிப்பதுபோல்—நோக்குகிறாரோ, அவர்மேல் மக்கள் பற்று கொள்கிறார்கள்; அவர் மௌனமாக அமர்ந்திருந்தாலும்.

ऋणजुa debtor (one in debt)
ऋणजु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋणजु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
FormPresent, Third, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चक्षुषाwith (his) eye
चक्षुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अनुपिबन्as if drinking in / imbibing
अनुपिबन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + √पा (पाने)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आसीनम्sitting
आसीनम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआस् (आसीन-)
Formक्त (past passive participle; used adjectivally), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तूष्णीकम्silent, quietly
तूष्णीकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतूष्णीक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुरज्यन्तिbecome attached to / are devoted to
अनुरज्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + √रञ्ज् (रागे)
FormPresent, Third, Plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रजाःthe people, subjects
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
P
prajāḥ (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A ruler or leader gains genuine loyalty not merely through speeches or force, but through a benevolent, attentive regard for all. When people feel truly seen and cared for, they naturally become devoted—even if the leader is outwardly quiet.

In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva, he describes qualities that attract the goodwill of the subjects. Here he emphasizes the magnetic power of compassionate perception and restrained demeanor as marks of effective, dharmic leadership.