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Shloka 99

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

अष्टौ गुणा: पुरुषं दीपयन्ति प्रज्ञा च कौल्यं च दम: श्रुतं च । पराक्रमश्चाबहुभाषिता च दानं यथाशक्ति कृतज्ञता च

aṣṭau guṇāḥ puruṣaṃ dīpayanti prajñā ca kaulyaṃ ca damaḥ śrutaṃ ca | parākramaścābahubhāṣitā ca dānaṃ yathāśakti kṛtajñatā ca ||

விதுரன் கூறினான்—ஞானம், குலீனத்தன்மை (நல்லொழுக்கத்துடன்), இంద్రியக் கட்டுப்பாடு, சாஸ்திரக் கல்வி, வீரியம், மிதமான பேச்சு, தம் ஆற்றலுக்கேற்ற தானம், நன்றியுணர்வு—இவ்வெட்டு குணங்கள் மனிதனை ஒளிரச் செய்து புகழை வளர்க்கின்றன।

अष्टौeight
अष्टौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुणाःqualities, virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरुषम्a man, person
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दीपयन्तिillumine, make shine, glorify
दीपयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootदीप् (दीपयति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रज्ञाwisdom, intelligence
प्रज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कौल्यंgood family/nobility (good breeding)
कौल्यं:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौल्यम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दमःself-control, restraint
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुतम्learning, what is heard (scriptural knowledge)
श्रुतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पराक्रमःvalor, prowess
पराक्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अबहुभाषिताnot speaking much, brevity in speech
अबहुभाषिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअ-बहु-भाषिता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दानम्giving, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यथाशक्तिaccording to one’s ability
यथाशक्ति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा-शक्ति
कृतज्ञताgratitude, thankfulness
कृतज्ञता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतज्ञता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

A person’s true brilliance and reputation arise from inner discipline and ethical conduct: wisdom, noble character, self-restraint, learning, courage, restrained speech, proportionate generosity, and gratitude.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral and political counsel amid escalating conflict; here he lists the virtues that should guide leaders and individuals as the kingdom moves toward war.