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Shloka 18

अम्बा-शाल्वसंवादः | Amba’s Appeal to Śālva and His Refusal

ततस्ते मां महीपाला: सर्व एव विशाम्पते । रथव्रातेन महता सर्वत: पर्यवारयन्‌,प्रजानाथ! तदनन्तर उन सब नरेशोंने विशाल रथ-समूहद्वारा मुझे सब ओरसे घेर लिया

tataste māṁ mahīpālāḥ sarva eva viśāmpate | rathavrātena mahatā sarvataḥ paryavārayan |

மக்களுடைய தலைவனே! அதன் பின் அந்த மன்னர்கள் அனைவரும் பெருந்தேர்களின் கூட்டத்தால் என்னை எல்லாத் திசைகளிலும் சூழ்ந்தனர்।

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
महीपालाःkings, rulers of the earth
महीपालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपाल
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
रथव्रातेनby a multitude/group of chariots
रथव्रातेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथव्रात
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
महताgreat, huge
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
सर्वतःon all sides, from every direction
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
पर्यवारयन्surrounded, encircled
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + √वृ (वरणे/आवरणे)
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
प्रजानाथO lord of subjects/people
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजानाथ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
kings (mahīpālāḥ)
C
chariot host (rathavrāta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the pressure of collective force against an individual warrior and implicitly points to kṣatriya-dharma: steadfastness and disciplined action even when outnumbered, without abandoning one’s duty under fear or intimidation.

Bhīṣma narrates that a group of kings formed a large chariot formation and encircled him from all directions, indicating a tactical attempt to contain and overwhelm him in battle.