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Shloka 43

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

यमाजीवन्ति पुरुष सर्वभूतानि संजय । पकक्‍वं द्रुममिवासाद्य तस्य जीवितमर्थवत्‌,संजय! पके फलवाले वृक्षके समान जिस पुरुषका आश्रय लेकर सब प्राणी जीविका चलाते हैं, उसीका जीवन सार्थक है

yam ājīvanti puruṣa sarvabhūtāni sañjaya | pakvaṁ drumam ivāsādya tasya jīvitam arthavat ||

சஞ்சயா! பழுத்த கனிகளால் நிறைந்த மரத்தைச் சார்ந்தாற்போல், எந்த மனிதனைச் சார்ந்து எல்லா உயிர்களும் வாழ்வாதாரத்தை நடத்துகின்றனவோ, அவனுடைய வாழ்வே அர்த்தமுள்ளது.

यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आजीवन्तिlive (by), subsist
आजीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुरुषम्man, person
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वभूतानिall beings
सर्वभूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पक्वम्ripe
पक्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपक्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्रुमम्tree
द्रुमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आसाद्यhaving approached/attained (taking refuge in)
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अर्थवत्meaningful, fruitful
अर्थवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

पुत्र उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
puruṣa (a man/person)
S
sarvabhūtāni (all beings)
P
pakva-druma (ripe fruit-bearing tree)

Educational Q&A

A person’s life is judged meaningful when it becomes a support for others—when many beings can ‘live upon’ him, as creatures rely on a ripe, fruit-bearing tree. The verse elevates generosity and sustaining service as the measure of a worthy life.

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled context before the great war, the speaker (identified as ‘the son’) addresses Sañjaya with a moral reflection: true worth lies in being a refuge and provider for others, expressed through the vivid metaphor of a mature tree that nourishes many.