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Shloka 3

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 126 — Kṛṣṇa’s Indictment of Misrule and the Varuṇa Analogy (कृष्णवाक्यं–धर्मपाशदृष्टान्तः)

भक्तिवादेन पार्थानामकस्मान्म धुसूदन । भवान्‌ गर्हयते नित्यं कि समीक्ष्य बलाबलम्‌,“मधुसूदन! आप पाण्डवोंके प्रेमकी दुहाई देकर जो अकारण ही सदा हमारी निन्दा करते रहते हैं, इसका क्या कारण है? क्या आप हमलोगोंके बलाबलका विचार करके ऐसा करते हैं?

bhaktivādena pārthānām akasmān madhusūdana | bhavān garhayate nityaṁ kiṁ samīkṣya balābalam ||

“மதுசூதனா! பாண்டவர்களின் பக்தி-அன்பை முன்வைத்து, காரணமின்றி நீ எப்போதும் எங்களை ஏன் பழிக்கிறாய்? எங்கள் பலவீன-பலத்தை ஆராய்ந்தே இப்படிப் பேசுகிறாயா?”

भक्तिवादेनby (the) plea/argument of devotion (i.e., invoking affection)
भक्तिवादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभक्तिवाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पार्थानाम्of the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas)
पार्थानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अकस्मात्suddenly; without cause
अकस्मात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकस्मात्
मधुसूदनO Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
मधुसूदन:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमधुसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भवान्you
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गर्हयते(you) censure/blame
गर्हयते:
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समीक्ष्यhaving considered/examined
समीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
बलाबलम्strength and weakness (relative power)
बलाबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबलाबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
P
Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical scrutiny of rhetoric in conflict: invoking devotion or loyalty can be used as a pretext for blame, and opponents may suspect that moral language masks strategic calculation about relative strength. It invites reflection on whether speech is guided by dharma or by power-politics.

In the tense pre-war setting of the Udyoga Parva, the speaker addresses Kṛṣṇa (Madhusūdana), questioning why he repeatedly criticizes ‘us’ while citing the Pandavas’ devotion, and whether this stance is based on an assessment of comparative strength and weakness.