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Shloka 18

Virāṭa-sabhāyāṃ Saṃniveśaḥ — Assembly at Virāṭa’s Hall and Kṛṣṇa’s Diplomatic Counsel

तत्‌ प्रार्थयन्ते पुरुषप्रवीरा: कुन्तीसुता माद्रवतीसुतौ च । बालास्त्विमे तैर्विविधैरुपायै: सम्प्रार्थिता हन्तुममित्रसंघै:

tat prārthayante puruṣapravīrāḥ kuntīsutā mādravatīsutau ca | bālāstvime tairvividhairupāyaiḥ samprārthitā hantuṃ amitrasaṅghaiḥ ||

அந்த மனிதர்களில் சிறந்தோர்—குந்தியின் புதல்வரும் மாத்ரியின் இரு புதல்வரும்—இலக்காகத் தேடப்படுகின்றனர். இவ்விளையோர் பகைவர் கூட்டங்களால் பலவிதத் தந்திரங்களால் மீண்டும் மீண்டும் தூண்டப்பட்டனர்; நோக்கம் ஒன்றே—அவர்களை கொல்லச் செய்வது।

तत्that (request/boon)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रार्थयन्तेthey request/beg
प्रार्थयन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√अर्थ (प्रार्थयति)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
पुरुषप्रवीराःforemost among men, great heroes
पुरुषप्रवीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुन्तीसुताःsons of Kuntī (Pāṇḍavas)
कुन्तीसुताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
माद्रवतीसुतौthe two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)
माद्रवतीसुतौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रवतीसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बालाःyoung, mere boys
बालाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विविधैःby various
विविधैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
उपायैःmeans, methods
उपायैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सम्प्रार्थिताःhaving been earnestly requested/urged
सम्प्रार्थिताः:
Karta
TypeParticiple
Rootसम्-प्र-√अर्थ (सम्प्रार्थित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, Past (PPP)
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
अमित्रसंघैःby bands/hosts of enemies
अमित्रसंघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रसंघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
K
Kuntī
K
Kuntīsutāḥ (sons of Kuntī / Pāṇḍavas)
M
Mādrī (Mādravatī)
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
E
Enemy hosts (amitrasaṅghāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical contrast: righteous conflict should be open and principled, but the enemy resorts to varied stratagems to have the young heirs killed. It implicitly condemns deceitful, indirect violence as adharma and frames the coming war as driven not merely by power but by moral breakdown.

Śrī Kṛṣṇa describes how the principal Pāṇḍava heirs—Kuntī’s sons and Mādrī’s two sons—are being targeted by enemy groups. The enemies repeatedly employ different methods to entice, pressure, or maneuver circumstances so that these youths may be slain.