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Shloka 20

राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः

Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures

अन्ताश्चलाकाल एव स्युर्लोको<यं दस्युसाद्‌ भवेत्‌ । पतेयुर्नरकं घोरं यदि राजा न पालयेत्‌

antāś calākāla eva syur loko ’yaṃ dasyusād bhavet | pateyur narakaṃ ghoraṃ yadi rājā na pālayet ||

அரசன் குடிகளைப் பாதுகாக்காவிட்டால் பஞ்சமும் காலமற்ற மரணமும் பரவும்; இவ்வுலகம் கொள்ளையர்களின் ஆட்சிக்குள் விழும்; பாவமும் அநியாயமும் பெருகி மக்கள் கொடிய நரகத்தில் வீழ்வர்।

अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अकालःfamine / untimely time
अकालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्युःwould be / might occur
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
लोकःthe world / people
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दस्युसात्into the power of robbers / under robbers' control
दस्युसात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदस्यु + सात्
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पतेयुःwould fall
पतेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
नरकम्hell
नरकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पालयेत्should protect / would protect
पालयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वसुमना उवाच

V
Vasumanā
R
rājā (the king)
L
loka (the world/people)
D
dasyu (bandits)
N
naraka (hell)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches rājadharma: a ruler’s foremost duty is to protect and maintain order. Without royal protection, society collapses into famine, insecurity, and moral ruin, bringing grave consequences.

In the Śānti Parva’s discourse on kingship and ethics, Vasumanā argues that if the king fails to safeguard the people, the world becomes dominated by bandits, calamities spread, and people fall into severe suffering due to unchecked wrongdoing.