Shloka 11
राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः
Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures
यथा हानुदके मत्स्या निराक्रन्दे विहड़मा: । विहरेयुर्यथाकामं विहिंसन्त: पुनः पुनः:
yathā hānudake matsyā nirākrande vihaṅgamāḥ | vihareyur yathākāmaṃ vihiṃsantaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||
Vasumanā said: “Just as fish in scant water, and birds in a grove without any guard, roam about as they please while repeatedly injuring one another—now crushing and churning others with their blows, now themselves becoming distressed when struck—so too, O king, in a short time they are driven to near-destruction without doubt. In the same way, without a king, all subjects will quickly fall into mutual quarrels and ruin, sinking into the dreadful darkness of suffering like cattle without a herdsman.”
वसुमना उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse argues that kingship (lawful governance) is necessary to prevent society from collapsing into mutual violence; without a ruler, people—like creatures in constrained or unprotected conditions—harm one another and rapidly decline.
Vasumanā addresses a king and uses vivid analogies (fish in scant water, birds in an unguarded grove) to illustrate how, in the absence of protection and restraint, beings fight repeatedly and become ruined—paralleling what happens to subjects when there is no king.