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Shloka 4

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

कोशं दण्डं च दुर्ग च सहायान्‌ मन्त्रिणस्तथा । ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यान्‌ कीदृशान्‌ वर्जयेन्नप:,“राजाको किस प्रकारके कोश, दण्ड, दुर्ग, सहायक, मन्त्री, ऋत्विकू, पुरोहित और आचार्योंका त्याग कर देना चाहिये?

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: kośaṃ daṇḍaṃ ca durgaṃ ca sahāyān mantriṇas tathā | ṛtvik-purohita-ācāryān kīdṛśān varjayen nṛpaḥ ||

அரசன் எந்த வகையான கருவூலம், தண்டவலிமை, கோட்டைகள், துணையாளர், அமைச்சர்கள்—மேலும் எந்த வகையான யாகப் புரோகிதர், ராஜகுரு, ஆசாரியர் ஆகியோரை விலக்க வேண்டும் (அதாவது தவிர்க்க/நீக்க வேண்டும்)?

कोशम्treasury
कोशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दण्डम्punishment/rod (authority)
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुर्गम्fort
दुर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सहायान्helpers/allies
सहायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मन्त्रिणःministers/counsellors
मन्त्रिणः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ऋत्विक्sacrificial priests (ṛtviks)
ऋत्विक्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरोहितroyal chaplains (purohitas)
पुरोहित:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोहित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आचार्यान्teachers/preceptors
आचार्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कीदृशान्of what kind?
कीदृशान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वर्जयेत्should avoid/abandon
वर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृज् (वर्ज्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
nṛpa (king)
K
kośa (treasury)
D
daṇḍa (punitive/royal power)
D
durga (fort)
S
sahāya (allies/helpers)
M
mantrin (ministers)
ṛtvik (officiating priests)
P
purohita (royal chaplain)
Ā
ācārya (teachers/preceptors)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a rājadharma inquiry: a king must be discerning about the instruments and agents of rule—wealth (kośa), enforcement (daṇḍa), defenses (durga), allies, ministers, and religious-educational authorities—and should reject those that are unfit, corrupt, or harmful to dharma and the realm.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating the discourse on kingship in Śānti Parva, introduces a question about standards of selection and rejection: which kinds of state resources and key personnel (political, military, and ritual/educational) a king should avoid or dismiss.