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Shloka 28

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

अकिज्चनाश्र दृश्यन्ते पुरुषाश्चिरजीविन: । समृद्धे च कुले जाता विनश्यन्ति पतंगवत्‌,इति श्रीमहाभारते शान्तिपर्वणि राजधर्मानुशासनपर्वणि व्यासवाक्येडष्टाविंशोडध्याय:

akiñcanāśrā dṛśyante puruṣāś cirajīvinaḥ | samṛddhe ca kule jātā vinaśyanti pataṅgavat ||

ஜனகர் கூறினார்—அகிஞ்சனர்கள், அதாவது ‘எனது’ என்று ஒன்றுமில்லாமல் பற்றின் ஆதாரத்திலிருந்து விடுபட்டவர்கள், நீண்ட ஆயுள் உடையவர்களாகக் காணப்படுகின்றனர்; ஆனால் செழித்த குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்தவர்கள் பலவேளை தீயில் பாயும் பட்டாம்பூச்சிபோல் விரைவில் அழிகின்றனர்.

अकिञ्चनाःhaving nothing; poor
अकिञ्चनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकिञ्चन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रुtear; tears
आश्रु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दृश्यन्तेare seen; appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive-like: 'are seen'), Third, Plural
पुरुषाःmen; persons
पुरुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चिरजीविनःlong-lived
चिरजीविनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचिरजीविन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समृद्धेin a prosperous (state)
समृद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसमृद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुलेin a family
कुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जाताःborn
जाताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विनश्यन्तिperish; are destroyed
विनश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
पतङ्गवत्like moths/insects
पतङ्गवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपतङ्ग + वत्
FormIndeclinable (vat-suffix used adverbially), N/A, N/A
इतिthus; so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka

Educational Q&A

Janaka highlights the ethical danger of prosperity when it breeds attachment and recklessness: the possessionless (akiñcana) tend to be steady and endure, while those born amid abundance may be drawn into self-destructive pleasures and pride, perishing like moths attracted to flame.

In the Rajadharma instruction section of Śānti Parva, King Janaka speaks as a teacher-figure, using a vivid simile to contrast the stability of the detached with the fragility of those intoxicated by family wealth and status.