Shloka 19

Nakula’s Counsel on Yajña, Dāna, and Tyāga (नकुलोपदेशः—यज्ञदानत्यागविचारः)

Devanagari script

एतस्मिन्‌ वर्तमानस्य विधावप्रतिषेधिते । त्यागिन: प्रसृतस्येह नोच्छित्तिविद्यते क्वचित्‌

Transliteration

etasmin vartamānasya vidhāv apratiṣedhite | tyāginaḥ prasṛtasyeha nocchittir vidyate kvacit ||

Translation

இந்த உலகில் வாழ்ந்தபடியே வேதம் விதித்த நெறியைப் பின்பற்றி, தடைசெய்யப்பட்டவற்றை மீறாத உறுதியான தியாகிக்கு எங்கும் அழிவு இல்லை; அவன் பரலோக உயர்விலிருந்து ஒருபோதும் விலக்கப்படமாட்டான்.

Word by Word

• एतस्मिन्: in this (state/condition)
• एतस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वर्तमानस्य: of one who is abiding/engaged (in it)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्तमान (वृत् धातु, वर्तमान-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• विधौ: in the prescribed rule/ordinance
• विधौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अप्रतिषेधिते: not prohibited / unobstructed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-प्रतिषेधित (प्रतिषिध् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• त्यागिनः: of the renouncer
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्यागिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्रसृतस्य: of one who has proceeded/advanced
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसृत (सृ धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उच्छित्तिः: destruction/cessation
• उच्छित्तिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उच्छित्ति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• विद्यते: exists/is found
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (लट्, आत्मनेपद; 'विद्यते' = अस्ति)
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• क्वचित्: ever/anywhere/at any time
• क्वचित्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्वचित्

Speaker

नकुल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nakula

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A person who lives in the world while adhering to Veda-approved duties and avoiding prohibited actions, and who practices genuine tyāga (relinquishment), does not suffer spiritual ruin; such conduct safeguards one’s higher, post-mortem welfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Nakula is articulating a dharma-based principle within the Śānti Parva’s instruction: he emphasizes that disciplined life in accordance with Vedic prescriptions, combined with renunciant disposition, ensures continuity of merit and spiritual advancement.