Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 61
Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)
Devanagari script
धर्मार्थसहितं वाक्यमुभयो: पक्षयोर्हितम् । उक्तवत्यसि कल्याणि न च ते तनयै: कृतम्
Translation
கல்யாணி! நீ தர்மமும் பொருள்நலமும் உடைய, இரு தரப்பிற்கும் நன்மை தரும் சொற்களை உரைத்தாய்; ஆனால் உன் புதல்வர்கள் அதைச் செய்யவும் ஏற்கவும் இல்லை.
Word by Word
धर्मार्थसहितम्accompanied by dharma and artha
धर्मार्थसहितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थसहित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
पक्षयोःof the two sides/parties
पक्षयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
हितम्beneficial; in the interest (of)
हितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्तवतीyou said (fem.)
उक्तवती:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Feminine
असिyou are / (aux.) you have
असि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular
कल्याणिO auspicious lady
कल्याणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकल्याणी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
तेof you; your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
तनयैःby (your) sons
तनयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कृतम्done; carried out
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast participle, —, Singular, Neuter
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes