Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 32
Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)
Devanagari script
त॑ रथं यादवश्रेष्ठ;: समारुहु परंतप:
Transliteration
taṁ rathaṁ yādavaśreṣṭhaḥ samāruhya parantapaḥ
Translation
வைசம்பாயனர் கூறினார்—அப்போது யாதவரில் தலைவன் அந்தத் தேரில் ஏறினான்; பகைவரைச் சுடுபவன் முன்னே செல்லத் தயாரானான்.
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यादवश्रेष्ठO best of the Yadavas
यादवश्रेष्ठ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootयादव-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समारुहmount / ascend
समारुह:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-रुह्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
Sampradana
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaY
Yādavaśreṣṭha (Kṛṣṇa)P
Parantapa (heroic warrior, commonly Arjuna)R
ratha (chariot)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights disciplined readiness and purposeful action in a dharmic crisis: leadership and duty are expressed through calm, decisive preparation rather than wavering, even when the setting is ethically weighty like war.
Vaiśampāyana narrates that the foremost Yādava (typically Kṛṣṇa) mounts a chariot, while the foe-scorching hero (often Arjuna or a principal warrior) is poised to proceed, signaling an imminent movement or engagement in the battle sequence.