Shloka 31
Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana
The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint
Devanagari script
तौ मुहूर्त समाश्वस्य पुनरेव परंतप । अभ्यहारयतां क्रुद्धौ प्रगृह्ा महती गदे
Transliteration
tau muhūrtaṁ samāśvasya punar eva parantapa | abhyāharayatāṁ kruddhau pragṛhya mahatī gadāḥ ||
Translation
பரந்தப அரசே! இருவரும் சிறிதுநேரம் மூச்சைச் சீர்செய்து, கோபம் கொந்தளித்து மீண்டும் பெரும் கதைகளைப் பற்றிக் கொண்டு ஒருவர்மேல் ஒருவர் தாக்கத் தொடங்கினர்.
Word by Word
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मुहूर्तम्for a moment / for a short time
मुहूर्तम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समाश्वस्यhaving recovered breath / having rested
समाश्वस्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्वस्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभ्याहारयताम्they struck / they dealt blows
अभ्याहारयताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-आ-हृ
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Dual, Parasmaipada
क्रुद्धौangry
क्रुद्धौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
प्रगृह्यhaving seized / having taken up
प्रगृह्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
महतीgreat / huge
महती:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
गदेmaces
गदे:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
Vāyudeva (speaker)P
parantapa (epithet addressed to a king/hero)G
gadā (mace)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even after a pause that could allow reflection, anger can reassert itself and drive renewed violence; the verse highlights the ethical tension between momentary self-control and the recurring pull of wrath in warfare.
Two warriors briefly rest to recover, then—still enraged—pick up their heavy maces again and resume striking each other.