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Mahabharata 7.49.16Drona Parva, Adhyaya 49, Shloka 16

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 49: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament and Strategic Foreboding after Abhimanyu’s Fall

त॑ं तथा पतितं शूरं तावका: पर्यवारयन्‌ । दावं दग्ध्वा यथा शान्तं पावकं शिशिरात्यये

taṁ tathā patitaṁ śūraṁ tāvakāḥ paryavārayan | dāvaṁ dagdhvā yathā śāntaṁ pāvakaṁ śiśirātyaye ||

சஞ்சயன் கூறினான்—அவ்வாறு விழுந்திருந்த அந்த வீரன் அபிமன்யுவை உங்கள் படையினர் நாலாபுறமும் சூழ்ந்தனர். முழுச் சேனையையும் சுட்டெரித்த பின், கோடையில் காட்டை எரித்து இறுதியில் அடங்கிய காட்டுத்தீ போல, பூர்ணசந்திரன் போன்ற முகத்தையுடைய அபிமன்யு பூமியில் கிடந்தான். அவனைப் பார்த்த உங்கள் மகாரதர்கள் மகிழ்ந்து மீண்டும் மீண்டும் சிங்கநாதம் செய்தனர்.

तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
पतितम्fallen
पतितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शूरम्hero, brave warrior
शूरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तावकाःyour men/your soldiers
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पर्यवारयन्surrounded, encircled
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+आ+वृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
दावम्forest-fire, conflagration
दावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दग्ध्वाhaving burnt
दग्ध्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शान्तम्quenched, calmed, extinguished
शान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पावकम्fire
पावकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शिशिरात्ययेat the end of winter (i.e., at spring’s onset)
शिशिरात्यये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिशिर-अत्यय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied addressee)
K
Kaurava warriors (tāvakāḥ)
A
Abhimanyu (context of the passage in Gītā Press)
F
forest-fire (dāva)
F
fire (pāvaka)

Educational Q&A

The imagery of a wildfire that burns everything and then subsides highlights the tragic cost of martial glory: even the greatest valor ends in stillness, and the victors’ surrounding of the fallen can signal a lapse from righteous restraint into celebratory domination—inviting reflection on dharma and compassion amid war.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava fighters encircle the fallen hero on the battlefield. The simile compares the hero’s state to a forest-fire that has consumed the woods in summer and then died down, emphasizing both the devastation he caused and his final collapse.

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