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Shloka 39

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

उभौ श्वेतहयौ राजन्‌ संसक्तौ प्रेक्ष्य पार्थिवा:

ubhau śvetahayau rājan saṁsaktau prekṣya pārthivāḥ

“அரசே! இரு வெண்மைக் குதிரைகள் ஒன்றோடொன்று சிக்கிக் கொண்டிருப்பதைக் கண்டு அரசர்கள் நோக்கினர்.”

उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
श्वेतहयौthe two white horses
श्वेतहयौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वेतहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संसक्तौentangled/locked (together)
संसक्तौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
पार्थिवाःthe kings
पार्थिवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
T
two white horses
K
kings (pārthivāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inescapable interlocking nature of warfare: once dharma-driven conflict begins, even what is pure and noble (symbolized by white horses) becomes caught in struggle, reminding rulers to weigh the moral cost and consequences of war.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the kings on the battlefield observe two white horses closely engaged—suggesting a vivid moment amid the Kurukṣetra fighting where steeds (and by implication their chariots/warriors) are pressed into tight, dangerous contact.