Shloka 3

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Grief, Kṛṣṇa’s Consolation, and Vyāsa’s Admonition (युधिष्ठिरशोक-निवारणोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

यजस्व विविधैर्यज्ञैर्बहुभि: स्वाप्तदक्षिणै: । देवांस्तर्पय सोमेन स्वधया च पितृनपि,“इसलिये आप बड़ी-बड़ी दक्षिणावाले नाना प्रकारके यज्ञोंका अनुष्ठान कीजिये और सोमरसके द्वारा देवताओं तथा स्वधाद्वारा पितरोंको तृप्त कीजिये

Transliteration

yajasva vividhair yajñair bahubhiḥ svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ | devāṁs tarpay somena svadhayā ca pitṝn api ||

Translation

ஆகையால் உரிய தக்ஷிணையுடன் பலவகை யாகங்களைச் செய். சோமத்தால் தேவர்களைத் திருப்திப்படுத்து; ஸ்வதையால் பித்ருக்களையும் திருப்திப்படுத்து.

Word by Word

यजस्वperform sacrifice (you should sacrifice)

विविधैःwith various

यज्ञैःwith sacrifices

बहुभिःwith many

स्वाप्तदक्षिणैःwith duly-given fees (having proper dakṣiṇā)

देवान्the gods

तर्पयsatisfy / propitiate

सोमेनwith Soma (soma-juice)

स्वधयाwith svadhā (ancestral oblation/formula)

चand

पितॄन्the ancestors (pitṛs)

अपिalso

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśaṃpāyana

Devas (gods)

Pitṛs (ancestors)

Soma

Svadhā

Yajña

Dakṣiṇā

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches reciprocal dharma: a ruler (or householder) sustains cosmic and social order by performing well-appointed sacrifices, giving proper dakṣiṇā, and honoring both gods (through Soma offerings) and ancestors (through svadhā rites).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana narrates an instruction urging the performance of multiple, properly funded sacrifices, emphasizing the traditional twofold obligation—propitiating the devas and the pitṛs—so that prosperity and legitimacy are maintained through dharmic ritual action.