Shloka 63

Mokṣa-dharma Yoga-Upadeśa: Equanimity, Sense-Restraint, and Vision of the Ātman (आत्मदर्शन-योगोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

हेतुमच्चैतदुद्दिष्टमुपाया श्वास्य साधने । सिद्धि फलं च मोक्षश्न दुःखस्य च विनिर्णय:

Transliteration

hetumac caitad uddiṣṭam upāyāḥ śvāsya sādhane | siddhi-phalaṃ ca mokṣaś ca duḥkhasya ca vinirṇayaḥ ||

Translation

இவ்வாறு நான் உனக்கு மோட்சதர்மத்தை காரணத்தோடு விளக்கியேன். அதை அடையும் வழிமுறைகளையும் கூறினேன்; சாதனையின் நிறைவு, அதன் பலன் ஆகிய மோட்சம், மேலும் துக்கத்தின் உண்மை இயல்பையும் தீர்மானித்து உரைத்தேன்.

Word by Word

• {'hetumat': 'reasoned

• supported by causes and arguments', 'etat': 'this (teaching)', 'uddiṣṭam': 'has been taught

• has been indicated', 'upāyaḥ': 'means

• practical expedient', 'sādhana': 'spiritual practice

• means of accomplishment', 'siddhi': 'attainment

• success in practice', 'phala': 'fruit

• outcome', 'mokṣa': 'liberation

• release from bondage and rebirth', 'duḥkha': 'suffering

• distress', 'vinirṇaya': 'ascertainment

• clear conclusion', 'mokṣa-dharma': 'the discipline/teaching of liberation (ethical-spiritual law leading to mokṣa)'}

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva (Wind-god)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The speaker summarizes a complete mokṣa-oriented instruction: it is presented with reasoning (hetumat), includes concrete methods of practice (upāya/sādhana), and clarifies the end-result (siddhi and its phala, culminating in mokṣa) while also defining the nature of suffering (duḥkha) that liberation transcends.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva concludes or recaps a didactic discourse within the Aśvamedhika Parva, emphasizing that the listener has been given not only doctrine but also practical means and a clear philosophical determination of liberation and suffering.