Shloka 57
Devanagari script
तस्मात् सुवर्ण ददता दत्ता: सर्वाः सम देवता: । भवन्ति पुरुषव्याप्र न हतः परमं विदुः
Transliteration
tasmāt suvarṇaṃ dadatā dattāḥ sarvāḥ sama-devatāḥ | bhavanti puruṣavyāghra na hi tataḥ paramaṃ viduḥ ||
Translation
ஆகவே, மனிதர்களில் புலியே! பொன் தானம் செய்பவன் எல்லாத் தேவர்களுக்கும் சமமாகத் தானம் செய்தவனாகக் கருதப்படுகிறான். எனவே ஞானிகள் பொன் தானத்தைவிட உயர்ந்த தானம் வேறொன்றையும் ஏற்கார்.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
सुवर्णम्gold
सुवर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददताby (one) giving
ददता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
दत्ताःgiven
दत्ताः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दत्त)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
समदेवताःall the deities together / the entire host of gods
समदेवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (भवति)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural
पुरुषव्याघ्रO tiger among men
पुरुषव्याघ्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हतःsurpassed/defeated (lit. struck down)
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (हत)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
परम्higher/superior
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow/consider
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (वेद/विद्)
FormPerfect (Vedic/epic usage), Indicative, Third, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaD
deities (devatāḥ)G
gold (suvarṇa)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches the exalted merit of giving gold: it is treated as an offering that reaches all deities equally, and thus is praised as among the highest forms of dāna.
In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues advising (addressing his listener as ‘puruṣavyāghra’) about the relative excellence of gifts, asserting the preeminence of suvarṇa-dāna.