Shloka 14

Adhyāya 59: On Giving to the Asker and Supporting the Non-asking (याचक-अयाचक-दाने धर्मः)

Devanagari script

पितामहनियोगाद्‌ वै नान्यथैतद्‌ भविष्यति । ब्रह्माजीकी प्रेरणासे गाधिकी पत्नी और पुत्री--ये स्त्रियाँ इस महान्‌ परिवर्तनमें कारण बनेंगी, यह अवश्यम्भावी है। इसे कोई पलट नहीं सकता ।।

Transliteration

pitāmaha-niyogād vai nānyathaitad bhaviṣyati | brahmājī-kī preraṇā-se gādhikī patnī ca putrī ca—imāḥ striyaḥ asmin mahati parivartane kāraṇaṁ bhaviṣyanti; etad avaśyambhāvī, na kaścid etat parāvartayituṁ śaknoti || tṛtīye puruṣe tubhyaṁ brāhmaṇatvam upaiṣyati ||

Translation

பிதாமகனின் விதிப்படி இது வேறாக நிகழாது. பிரம்மாவின் தூண்டுதலால் காதியின் மனைவியும் மகளும்—இந்தப் பெண்களே இந்தப் பெரும் மாற்றத்தின் கருவிகளாக இருப்பார்கள்; இது தவிர்க்க முடியாதது, யாராலும் மாற்ற இயலாது. மூன்றாம் தலைமுறையில் நீ பிராமணத் தன்மையை அடைவாய்।

Word by Word

• तृतीये: in the third (generation/instance)
• तृतीये: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृतीय
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• पुरुषे: in the person/man (generation)
• पुरुषे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तुभ्यं: to you
• तुभ्यं: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणत्वम्: Brahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मणत्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपैष्यति: will attain, will come to
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-इ (इण्)
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यववन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Pitāmaha (Grandsire, commonly Brahmā)
• Brahmā
• Gādhikā
• Gādhikā’s wife
• Gādhikā’s daughter

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes the force of divine ordinance and the inevitability of certain outcomes: when a change is set in motion by the cosmic authority (Pitāmaha/Brahmā), it cannot be reversed, and one should understand destiny unfolding through human instruments.

What is happening in the narrative?

A speaker explains that a major reversal is predetermined by the Grandsire’s command; Brahmā’s prompting will make particular women (Gādhikā’s wife and daughter) the immediate causes, and the addressee is assured that brahminhood will be attained in the third generation.