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Shloka 35

Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda

Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time

सर्प उवाच को न्वर्जुनक दोषोअत्र विद्यते मम बालिश । अस्वतन्त्र हि मां मृत्युर्विवशं यदचूचुदत्‌

sarpa uvāca: ko nv arjunaka doṣo 'tra vidyate mama bāliśa? asvatantraḥ hi māṃ mṛtyur vivaśaṃ yad acūcudat.

பாம்பு கூறியது—ஓ மூடன் அர்ஜுனகா! இதில் எனது குற்றம் என்ன? நான் சுயாதீனன் அல்ல. மரணம் என்னை வலுக்கட்டாயமாக்கி இந்தச் செயலைச் செய்யத் தூண்டியது.

सर्पःthe serpent
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कःwhat?/which?
कः:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (emphasis)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
अर्जुनकO Arjunaka (addressing Arjuna)
अर्जुनक:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुनक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दोषःfault/blame
दोषः:
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
विद्यतेexists/is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
ममof me/my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
बालिशO foolish one
बालिश:
TypeAdjective
Rootबालिश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अस्वतन्त्रःnot independent/helpless
अस्वतन्त्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्वतन्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
मृत्युःDeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विवशम्helpless/compelled
विवशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यत्which/that (thing)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अचूचुदत्impelled/urged
अचूचुदत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (णिच्)

सर्प उवाच

S
Sarpa (the serpent)
A
Arjunaka
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse raises the ethical tension between personal culpability and compulsion: the serpent claims diminished responsibility because it acted under the coercion of Mṛtyu (Death/fate), prompting reflection on how dharma judges actions done under force or destiny.

In a dialogue, the serpent addresses Arjunaka and defends itself against blame, arguing that it was not acting freely; rather, Death compelled it to perform the act in question.