Shloka 40

Brahmā’s Curse, Four Births, and the Dharma of Shared Embodiment

Draupadī/Kṛṣṇā

Devanagari script

सुंदरेण च रूपेण प्रविष्टो नकुले मरुत् / रमते भारतीं नित्यं नकुलश्चाप्युषां खग

Transliteration

suṃdareṇa ca rūpeṇa praviṣṭo nakule marut / ramate bhāratīṃ nityaṃ nakulaścāpyuṣāṃ khaga

Translation

அழகிய ரூபம் கொண்டு மருத் (வாயுதேவன்) நகுலனுள் புகுந்தான்; பாரதி (சரஸ்வதி) அவனில் எப்போதும் ரமிக்கிறாள். ஓ பறவையே! நகுலனும் உஷாவை அனுபவிக்கிறான்।

Word by Word

• सुन्दरेण: with/ in a beautiful (manner)
• सुन्दरेण: करण (instrumental qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुन्दर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (agreeing with रूपेण)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रूपेण: by/with a form
• रूपेण: करण (means; ‘in the form’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• प्रविष्टः: having entered
• प्रविष्टः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नकुले: in Nakula
• नकुले: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; Locative singular

• मरुत्: Marut/Wind
• मरुत्: कर्ता (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Nominative singular

• रमते: delights in
• रमते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• भारतीम्: Bhāratī
• भारतीम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: काल/प्रकार-विशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण नपुंसक-एकवचन-द्वितीया (adverbial accusative)

• नकुलः: Nakula
• नकुलः: कर्ता (subject; as named person)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय/अवधारण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावन/समुच्चय-अव्यय (also/even)

• उषाम्: Uṣā (name)
• उषाम्: कर्म (object; with अपि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular (as read from uṣāṃ)

• खग: O bird (Garuda)
• खग: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; Vocative singular

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Qualities such as beauty, vitality, and auspicious beginnings are framed as divine endowments shaping character and destiny.

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa-adhyāropa with īśvara-saṅkalpa: attributes arise through cosmic order, inviting gratitude and restraint.

Application: Honor gifts (beauty, charm, vitality) with self-discipline; treat relationships and pleasures as dharma-aligned, not exploitative.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.17.39-43 (series on divine entry and interpretive caution)

Characters & Entities

• Marut
• Bharati (Sarasvati)
• Nakula
• Usha
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of divine 'entry' (praveśa) mentioned in this verse of the Garuda Purana?

It indicates a Purāṇic idea that certain exalted beings may be empowered by specific deities, explaining extraordinary qualities as divine influence rather than mere human ability.

How does this verse relate to the Garuda Purana’s broader teachings (often associated with afterlife and dharma)?

Although not an afterlife verse, it appears within a narrative framework where Vishnu instructs Garuda, using genealogical and divine-association details to ground later ethical and religious teachings in sacred history.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat speech (Bhāratī/Sarasvatī) and vital energy (Marut) as sacred trusts—cultivate truthful, refined speech and disciplined life-force through ethical living and devotion.