Shloka 19

मुक्ता-उत्पत्ति-भेदाः, मूल्य-मान-निर्णयः, शोधन-परीक्षा-लक्षणानि

Pearl Sources, Valuation, Refinement, and Identification

Devanagari script

सापत्न्यहीनां स महीं समग्रां भुनक्ति तत्तिष्ठति यावदेव / न केवलं तच्छुभकृन्नृपस्य भाग्यैः प्रजानामपि तस्य जन्म

Transliteration

sāpatnyahīnāṃ sa mahīṃ samagrāṃ bhunakti tattiṣṭhati yāvadeva / na kevalaṃ tacchubhakṛnnṛpasya bhāgyaiḥ prajānāmapi tasya janma

Translation

அவன் போட்டியாளர்கள் இன்றிய முழு பூமியையும் அனுபவித்து, அந்தப் புண்ணியப் பயன் நிலைக்கும் வரை ஆட்சியில் நிலைபெறுகிறான். இத்தகைய நற்கருமம் அரசனுக்கே அல்ல, குடிகளுக்கும் நன்மை தருகிறது—அவனுடைய பிறப்பே மக்களுக்கு வரமாகிறது।

Word by Word

• सापत्न्य-हीनाम्: free from rivalry (without co-wives/enemies)
• सापत्न्य-हीनाम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सापत्न्य (प्रातिपदिक) + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (for महीम्)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• महीम्: the earth
• महीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• समग्राम्: entire
• समग्राम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (for महीम्)

• भुनक्ति: enjoys/rules
• भुनक्ति: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• तत्: that (state/fortune)
• तत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (singular)

• तिष्ठति: remains/lasts
• तिष्ठति: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• यावत्: as long as
• यावत्: Avadhi (Limit/अवधि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय/सम्बन्धशब्द)
• Form: परिमाण/अवधिबोधक (correlative ‘as long as’)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadharana (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphasis)

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• केवलम्: only/merely
• केवलम्: Avadharana (Restriction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: केवल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग (adverbial ‘only/merely’)

• तत्-शुभ-कृत्: the doer of that good (merit)
• तत्-शुभ-कृत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) + शुभ (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु) → कृत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त (कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त ‘doer’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (for नृपस्य implied/for agent)

• नृपस्य: of the king
• नृपस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• भाग्यैः: by fortunes/through good luck
• भाग्यैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (plural)

• प्रजानाम्: of the subjects/people
• प्रजानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (plural)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (also)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• जन्म: birth
• जन्म: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Rājadharma: a ruler’s auspicious conduct and merit stabilize the realm and benefit subjects; political legitimacy is karmically grounded and time-bound by puṇya.

Vedantic Theme: Karma as the unseen foundation of worldly order; prosperity and stability arise from dharma-aligned action rather than mere force.

Application: Leaders should cultivate ethical conduct, justice, and generosity; institutions should reward integrity because public welfare depends on virtue at the top.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: royal realm/territory

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: rājadharma and puṇya-pāpa effects on prosperity (general)

FAQs

What is the importance of righteous kingship (rajadharma) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse teaches that a king’s auspicious, dharmic conduct generates merit that sustains stable rule and directly benefits the prosperity and well-being of the people.

How does this verse explain the link between merit (punya) and worldly power?

It presents sovereignty as dependent on the duration of accumulated merit—rule remains firm only as long as that auspicious karma continues to bear fruit.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Leaders and householders alike should prioritize dharmic action and public-good decisions, since personal virtue is shown here to create collective stability and welfare.