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Shloka 8

Pātāla and Naraka Enumeration; Brahmāṇḍa-Āvaraṇa and Nārāyaṇa’s Pervasion

Devanagari script

पापिनस्तेषु पच्यन्ते विषशस्त्राग्निदायिनः / उपर्युपरि वै लोका रुद्र ! भूतादयः स्थिताः

Transliteration

pāpinasteṣu pacyante viṣaśastrāgnidāyinaḥ / uparyupari vai lokā rudra ! bhūtādayaḥ sthitāḥ

Translation

அந்த நரகங்களில் பாவிகள் வெந்து வேதனைப்படுவர்—விஷம் கொடுப்போர், ஆயுதத்தால் தாக்குவோர், தீவைத்தோர். ஓ ருத்ரா! இவற்றின் மேல்மேல் வரிசையாக உலகங்கள் உள்ளன; அங்கே பூதாதிகள் நிலைபெற்றுள்ளனர்.

Word by Word
पापिनःsinners
पापिनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपापिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
तेषुin those (hells)
तेषु:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
पच्यन्तेare cooked/tormented
पच्यन्ते:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपच् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि/भावे अर्थः ‘are cooked/are tormented’
विषशस्त्राग्निदायिनःthose who administer poison, weapons, and fire
विषशस्त्राग्निदायिनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootविष (प्रातिपदिक) + शस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + दायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्वपूर्वक-तत्पुरुषभावः (विषं च शस्त्रं च अग्निश्च ददति ये) विशेषणम्
उपरिabove
उपरि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
उपरिabove (and above)
उपरि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb); पुनरुक्ति (repetition)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle; emphasis)
लोकाःworlds/realms
लोकाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
रुद्रO Rudra
रुद्र:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
भूतादयःbeings and the rest (groups beginning with beings)
भूतादयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (भूताः आदयः येषां ते)
स्थिताःare situated
स्थिताः:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय, past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘are situated/stand’
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Violent transgressions (poisoning, weapon-injury, arson) yield intense punitive heat; existence is layered by ontological and karmic status.

Vedantic Theme: Adhyāropa of cosmology to teach dharma; karma-phala administered within a structured cosmos under divine governance.

Application: Renounce intentional harm: no poisoning (literal or systemic), no violence, no arson/destruction; adopt protective ethics and conflict de-escalation.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: vertical cosmological strata (loka hierarchy)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: sins leading to specific punishments; cosmological passages that segue from naraka to loka structure

Characters & Entities
R
Rudra
B
Bhūtas

FAQs

This verse groups them as grave, harm-causing acts that lead to intense post-death suffering in specific tormenting realms, emphasizing karma’s direct moral causality.

It indicates a vertical ordering—realms arranged “one above another”—with different classes of beings (beginning with Bhūtas) occupying higher strata, suggesting a layered cosmology beyond the punitive regions.

Avoid harm-by-intent actions—poisoning (including covert harm), violence, and destructive fire-setting—and cultivate non-injury (ahiṃsā), accountability, and restitution, aligning conduct with dharma to reduce negative karmic outcomes.

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