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Shloka 2

Akhaṇḍa-Dvādaśī Vrata: Mārgaśīrṣa Fast, Viṣṇu-Pūjā, and Four-Month Dāna

Devanagari script

द्वादश्यां पूजये द्विष्णुं दद्यान्मासचतुष्टयम् / पञ्चव्रीहियुतं पात्रं विप्रायेदमुदाहरेत्

Transliteration

dvādaśyāṃ pūjaye dviṣṇuṃ dadyānmāsacatuṣṭayam / pañcavrīhiyutaṃ pātraṃ viprāyedamudāharet

Translation

த்வாதசி நாளில் திருமால் விஷ்ணுவை வழிபட்டு, நான்கு மாதங்கள் (நியமமாக) தானம் செய்ய வேண்டும். ஐந்து வகை தானியங்கள் நிறைந்த பாத்திரத்தை பிராமணனுக்கு அளித்து இந்த மந்திரவாக்கை உச்சரிக்க வேண்டும்।

Word by Word
dvādaśyāmon the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
dvādaśyām:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvādaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
pūjayeshould worship
pūjaye:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pūj (पूज् धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative) / लट् (present) रूपसाम्य; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; विध्यर्थे ‘you should worship’
viṣṇumViṣṇu
viṣṇum:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (दा धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
māsa-catuṣṭayama set of four months (duration/measure)
māsa-catuṣṭayam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + catuṣṭaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (मासानां चतुष्टयम् = a set of four months)
pañca-vrīhi-yutamaccompanied with five (measures of) rice
pañca-vrīhi-yutam:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañca (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + vrīhi (प्रातिपदिक) + yuta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (पञ्चव्रीहिभिः युतम् = accompanied with five (measures of) rice)
pātrama vessel
pātram:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpātra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
viprāyato a Brahmin
viprāya:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4), एकवचन
idamthis
idam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
udāharetshould recite/declare
udāharet:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-ā-√hṛ (हृ धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘should utter/recite/declare’
Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Worship Viṣṇu on Dvādaśī and sustain the vow through prescribed dāna—offering a vessel with five grains to a brāhmaṇa with a recited formula.

Vedantic Theme: Bhakti supported by karma-yoga: devotion expressed as worship plus sustained giving; purification through generosity and steadiness (dhṛti).

Application: Pair worship with consistent charity over a defined period; give staple foods (grains) as high-impact dāna, accompanied by respectful speech/mantra.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: ritual calendar and household/temple giving space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.118.1 (Akhaṇḍa-Dvādaśī vrata context); Garuda Purana 1.117.14-15 (dāna and feeding as vrata completion patterns)

Characters & Entities
V
Viṣṇu
B
Brāhmaṇa (vipra)

FAQs

This verse highlights Dvādaśī as a dedicated time for Viṣṇu-pūjā, paired with disciplined giving, presenting it as a dharmic observance that strengthens devotion and merit through ritual charity.

Indirectly: it emphasizes dharma through vrata and dāna. In the Garuḍa Purāṇa’s broader framework, such meritorious acts support auspicious post-death outcomes by cultivating punya and right conduct.

Observe Dvādaśī with Viṣṇu worship and practice intentional charity—especially food/grains given respectfully to learned or needy recipients—making generosity a sustained discipline rather than a one-time act.

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