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Shloka 46

Arjuna’s Lament, the End of the Yadus, and the Pāṇḍavas’ Departure

ते साधुकृतसर्वार्था ज्ञात्वात्यन्तिकमात्मन: । मनसा धारयामासुर्वैकुण्ठचरणाम्बुजम् ॥ ४६ ॥

te sādhu-kṛta-sarvārthā jñātvātyantikam ātmanaḥ manasā dhārayām āsur vaikuṇṭha-caraṇāmbujam

அவர்கள் தர்மத்தின் எல்லா நெறிகளையும் நிறைவேற்றி, ஆத்மாவின் பரம இலக்கு ஸ்ரீகிருஷ்ணனின் வைகுண்டப் பாதபத்மங்களே என அறிந்து, இடையறாது மனத்தால் அவற்றைத் தியானித்தனர்।

तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
साधु-कृत-सर्व-अर्थाःwhose all aims were well fulfilled
साधु-कृत-सर्व-अर्थाः:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (कृ धातु-निष्पन्न कृदन्त, क्त) + सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (साधु कृताः सर्वे अर्थाः येषाम्/साधुकृतसर्वार्थः = whose all purposes are well accomplished)
ज्ञात्वाhaving understood
ज्ञात्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having known’
अत्यन्तिकम्the ultimate (end)
अत्यन्तिकम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘ज्ञात्वा’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअत्यन्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies implied ‘हितम्/श्रेयः’ or object of knowing)
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
मनसाwith the mind
मनसा:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
धारयाम्held/kept (in mind)
धारयाम्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect) periphrastic—धारयाम् (कृदन्त-आमन्त/आम-प्रत्यययुक्तं धातु-रूपम्) used with ‘आसुः’; प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन (with auxiliary)
आसुःthey did/they were (aux.)
आसुः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Auxiliary)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; सहायक-क्रिया (auxiliary in periphrastic perfect)
वैकुण्ठ-चरण-अम्बुजम्the lotus feet of Vaikuṇṭha (the Lord)
वैकुण्ठ-चरण-अम्बुजम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवैकुण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + चरण (प्रातिपदिक) + अम्बुज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (वैकुण्ठस्य चरणाम्बुजम् = the lotus-feet of Vaikuṇṭha/Lord)

In the Bhagavad-gītā (7.28) the Lord says that only those who have done pious deeds in previous lives and have become freed from the results of all impious acts can concentrate upon the lotus feet of the Supreme Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa. The Pāṇḍavas, not only in this life but also in their previous lives, had always performed the supreme pious work, and thus they are ever free from all the reactions of impious work. It is quite reasonable, therefore, that they concentrated their minds upon the lotus feet of the Supreme Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa. According to Śrī Viśvanātha Cakravartī, dharma, artha, kāma and mokṣa principles are accepted by persons who are not free from the results of impious action. Such persons affected with the contaminations of the above four principles cannot at once accept the lotus feet of the Lord in the spiritual sky. The Vaikuṇṭha world is situated far beyond the material sky. The material sky is under the management of Durgā Devī, or the material energy of the Lord, but the Vaikuṇṭha world is managed by the personal energy of the Lord.

P
Pāṇḍavas
V
Vaikuṇṭha (Lord Viṣṇu)

FAQs

This verse teaches that when life’s duties are properly completed, the soul’s ultimate end is reached by fixing the mind on the lotus feet of the Lord of Vaikuṇṭha.

After concluding their worldly responsibilities, the Pāṇḍavas turned inward in devotion and remembrance, directing consciousness to the Lord as the final shelter beyond worldly life.

Practice daily remembrance—japa, prayer, hearing Bhāgavatam, and mindful offering of work—so the mind repeatedly returns to the Lord as its primary refuge.