HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 15Shloka 18
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Shloka 18

Dietary Rules & PurificationDietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

उपवासं त्रिरात्रं वा दूषितान्नस्य भोजने अज्ञाते ज्ञातपूर्वे च नैव शुद्धिर्विधीयते

upavāsaṃ trirātraṃ vā dūṣitānnasya bhojane ajñāte jñātapūrve ca naiva śuddhirvidhīyate

दूषितान्नस्य भोजने त्रिरात्रोपवासो विधीयते; अज्ञाते तु ज्ञातपूर्वे च शुद्धिर्नैव विधीयते।

upavāsamfasting
upavāsam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootupavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular); पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
tri-rātrama three-night (fast)
tri-rātram:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या) + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); द्विगु-समासः (numerical compound)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Alternative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
dūṣita-annasyaof defiled food
dūṣita-annasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootdūṣita (कृदन्त, √dūṣ ‘to defile’, क्त) + anna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (Singular); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); कर्मधारयः (dūṣitam annam)
bhojanein eating/at the time of eating
bhojane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Context)
TypeNoun
Rootbhojana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
ajñātewhen (it is) unknown
ajñāte:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Roota-jñāta (कृदन्त, √jñā ‘to know’, क्त; with negation a-)
Formसप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute) sense: ‘when unknown’
jñāta-pūrvewhen previously known
jñāta-pūrve:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootjñāta (कृदन्त, √jñā, क्त) + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); तत्पुरुषः (jñātam pūrvam yasmin) = ‘previously known’ (used in saptamī)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
evaindeed/at all
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
śuddhiḥpurification
śuddhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśuddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)
vidhīyateis enjoined/prescribed
vidhīyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√dhā (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (Passive voice); आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)
Traditional narrative frame in this Purāṇa: Pulastya → Nārada (chapter-level dharma instruction; verse-level speaker not explicit here)
Vrata/RitualsDharma-śāstra influenceŚauca (purity rules)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Moral responsibility is tied to intention and awareness: when impurity is knowingly incurred, discipline (austerity/fasting) is prescribed; when it is unknowingly incurred, the text mitigates burden by not mandating expiation.

This is ancillary dharma material rather than core pañcalakṣaṇa (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita). It functions as smṛti-style ritual guidance embedded within Purāṇic narration.

The three-night fast symbolizes a measured, time-bound restoration of inner order after a breach of purity; the exemption for the unknown emphasizes compassion and practical dharma rather than punitive ritualism.