Shloka 19

सम्पातिवृत्तान्तः

Sampāti’s Account and the Sage Niśākara

Devanagari script

गृध्रौ द्वौ दृष्टपूर्वौ मे मातरिश्वसमौ जवे।गृध्राणां चैव राजानौ भ्रातरौ कामरूपिणौ।।4.60.19।।

Transliteration

gṛdhrau dvau dṛṣṭa-pūrvau me mātariśva-samau jave | gṛdhrāṇāṃ caiva rājānau bhrātarau kāma-rūpiṇau || 4.60.19 ||

Translation

मम पूर्वं दृष्टौ गृध्रौ द्वौ मातरिश्वसमौ जवे; यूयं गृध्राणां राजानौ, भ्रातरौ कामरूपिणौ च।

Word by Word

• गृध्रौ: two vultures
• गृध्रौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛdhra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), द्विवचन

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; गृध्रौ इति विशेष्य

• दृष्टपूर्वौ: seen before
• दृष्टपूर्वौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛṣṭa-pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (दृष्टः पूर्वः), कृदन्ताधारित विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• मे: by me/to me (my)
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• मातरिश्वसमौ: equal to the wind
• मातरिश्वसमौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mātariśvan-sama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मातरिश्वना समौ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; गृध्रौ इति विशेष्य

• जवे: in speed
• जवे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: java (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• गृध्राणाम्: of vultures
• गृध्राणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛdhra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphasis)

• राजानौ: two kings
• राजानौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), द्विवचन

• भ्रातरौ: two brothers
• भ्रातरौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; apposition to राजानौ

• कामरूपिणौ: able to assume forms at will
• कामरूपिणौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma-rūpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (कामेन रूपं यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; राजानौ/भ्रातरौ इति विशेष्य

Context

Angada sat near Sampati surrounded by all monkeys. Sampati who had gained confidence spoke to Angada once again joyously.

Characters & Entities

• Niśākara
• Sampāti
• Jatāyu
• Mātariśvan (wind, as comparison)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring merit and rightful status: the sage recognizes their capabilities and addresses them with respect, aligning speech with truth (satya).

What is the narrative situation?

Niśākara identifies Sampāti (and the previously known brother Jatāyu) as extraordinary vulture-kings, swift and shape-shifting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthful recognition—giving due credit and respect based on known qualities.