Shloka 7

Devanagari script

अहमस्मिन्गिरौ दुर्गे बहुयोजनमायते।चिरान्निपतितो वृद्धः क्षीणप्राणपराक्रमः।।।।

Transliteration

aham asmin girau durge bahuyojanam āyate |

cirān nipatito vṛddhaḥ kṣīṇaprāṇa-parākramaḥ ||

Translation

अहं अस्मिन् दुर्गे गिरौ बहुयोजनविस्तीर्णे चिरं निपतितो वृद्धः, क्षीणप्राणपराक्रमः शयितोऽस्मि।

Word by Word

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• asmin: on this
• asmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• girau: mountain
• girau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: giri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• durge: inaccessible
• durge: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with girau; ‘inaccessible’

• bahu-yojanam: many yojanas (in extent)
• bahu-yojanam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Measure)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + yojana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘many-yojanas’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially with āyate

• āyate: extended; wide
• āyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āyata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन) or Nominative (प्रथमा/1) Singular; here as predicate adjective to girau (understood) ‘(which is) wide/extended’

• cirāt: for a long time; long ago
• cirāt: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cirāt (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of time (कालवाचक)

• nipatitaḥ: fallen
• nipatitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nipatita (कृदन्त; ni-√pat पत्)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/PPP) of ni-√pat (पत्) ‘to fall down’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with aham

• vṛddhaḥ: old
• vṛddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with aham

• kṣīṇa-prāṇa-parākramaḥ: with vitality and prowess exhausted
• kṣīṇa-prāṇa-parākramaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣīṇa (कृदन्त; √kṣī क्षी) + prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + parākrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) ‘one whose life-breath and prowess are depleted’; kṣīṇa = PPP of √kṣī (क्षी) ‘to waste’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with aham

Context

'With my vitality and prowess depleted, I have been staying for a long time on this mountain, extended by several yojanas and inaccessible.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Mountain (giri)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honest self-disclosure and humility: acknowledging one’s limitations truthfully can still serve a greater righteous purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti explains his weakened condition and why he has remained on an inaccessible mountain.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and resilience: despite decline, Sampāti continues to contribute through truthful counsel.