Previous Verse

Shloka 108

Narmadā

Revā) Tīrtha Greatness: The Gandharva Maidens’ Curse Narrative (Acchodā Episode Begins

अतऊर्ध्वं पिशाचास्ते आहारार्थं सुदुःखिताः । इतस्ततश्च धावंतो वसंति सरसस्तटे

ataūrdhvaṃ piśācāste āhārārthaṃ suduḥkhitāḥ | itastataśca dhāvaṃto vasaṃti sarasastaṭe

अत ऊर्ध्वं ते पिशाचाः क्षुधार्ताः सुदुःखिताः, आहारार्थमितस्ततश्च धावन्तः सरसस्तटे वसन्ति।

ataḥtherefore, hence
ataḥ:
Sambandha (Logical connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (निपात/अवधारणार्थ-कारणार्थ); ‘अतः’ = ‘तस्मात्/अस्मात् कारणात्’ (therefore/from that)
ūrdhvamupwards, above
ūrdhvam:
Adhikarana (Adverbial locus/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootūrdhva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण); दिशावाचक—‘ऊर्ध्वम्’ (upwards/above)
piśācāḥpiśācas, goblins
piśācāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpiśāca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural)
tethose (they)
te:
Karta (Apposition/कर्ता-समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
āhāra-arthamfor food, for the sake of sustenance
āhāra-artham:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootāhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-समर्थ: ‘आहारस्य/आहाराय अर्थः’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (for the purpose of)
su-duḥkhitāḥvery distressed
su-duḥkhitāḥ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √duḥkh/दुःख् भावे)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘सु’ उपसर्गेण तीव्रता (very)
itaḥfrom here
itaḥ:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootitas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (दिशावाचक/अपादानार्थ); ‘इतः’ = ‘अस्मात् स्थानात्’ (from here)
tataḥfrom there
tataḥ:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (दिशावाचक/अपादानार्थ); ‘ततः’ = ‘तस्मात् स्थानात्’ (from there)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक-संबन्धक; conjunction)
dhāvantaḥrunning
dhāvantaḥ:
Karta (Agent in participial clause/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√dhāv (धाव् गतौ)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शतृप्रत्यय; present active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
vasantithey dwell, live
vasanti:
Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vas (वस् निवासे)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
sarasaḥof the lake
sarasaḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsarasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन (genitive singular)
taṭeon the bank
taṭe:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (locative singular)

Unspecified narrator (contextual Purāṇic narration; exact dialogue pair not provided in the input).

Concept: Unwholesome karma can lead to restless, hungry states of existence; suffering expresses itself as perpetual seeking without satisfaction.

Application: Notice compulsive ‘running here and there’ in one’s own mind; cultivate regulated living, charity, and devotional practices that transform craving into purposeful desire for the good.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: river

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Gaunt piśācas sprint along a dark lake’s edge, their limbs elongated, eyes fixed on imagined food that vanishes like mirage. Reeds shiver as they pass; the water reflects them distorted, suggesting their fractured identity and the instability of their state.","primary_figures":["Piśācas"],"setting":"Lakebank with dense reeds, muddy shore, scattered remnants of offerings, distant cremation smoke on the horizon.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["midnight blue","mud brown","phosphor green","silver gray","dull crimson"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dynamic procession of piśācas running along a stylized lakebank, embossed gold-leaf ripples on dark water, heavy ornamental borders, dramatic diagonals, jewel-like highlights used to depict eerie reflections and karmic agitation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a nocturnal lakeside with delicate reeds and subtle gradients; thin spectral figures in motion, mirrored distortions in water, cool palette with restrained crimson accents, refined storytelling through landscape rhythm.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and rhythmic repetition of running figures; flat midnight-blue lake with silver-white highlights, green reeds, red-ochre ground, strong narrative clarity like a temple panel warning against adharma.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: circular border of reeds and dark lotuses framing a restless chase along the shore; deep indigo cloth, intricate gold patterning on water, stylized birds as omens, devotional textile complexity turned into a moral allegory."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"fast-dramatic","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["rushing footsteps","rustling reeds","low water lapping","distant owl call"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: अतऊर्ध्वम् = अतः + ऊर्ध्वम्; पिशाचास्ते = पिशाचाः + ते; इतस्ततश्च = इतः + ततः + च; धावंतो = धावन्तः; सरसस्तटे = सरसः + तटे

P
Piśāca

FAQs

Piśācas are portrayed in Purāṇic literature as troubled, restless beings associated with impurity and suffering; here they are shown as afflicted by hunger and compelled to wander for sustenance.

It depicts miserable beings running in different directions seeking food, ultimately dwelling on the shore of a lake—an image emphasizing restless deprivation.

The verse underscores the theme of suffering born of want and restlessness, implying that harmful or unwholesome modes of life culminate in distress rather than peace.