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Shloka 21

Bhīṣma–Arjuna Strategic Engagement at Virāṭa’s Frontier (भीष्मार्जुनयुद्धम्)

तमभिद्रुत्य कौन्तेय: क्रोधसंरक्तलोचन: । कामयन ड्ैरथं तेन युद्धं वचनमत्रवीत्‌,और कर्णके पास पहुँचकर उसके साथ द्वन्द्ययुद्धकी इच्छा रखते हुए कुन्तीकुमारने क्रोधसे लाल आँखें करके यह बात कही

tam abhidrutya kaunteyaḥ krodha-saṁrakta-locanaḥ | kāmayann rathaṁ tena yuddhaṁ vacanam atravīt ||

तमभिद्रुत्य कौन्तेयः क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः । कामयन् रथयुद्धं तेन वचनमत्रवीत् ॥

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिद्रुत्यhaving rushed towards
अभिद्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्रु
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
कौन्तेयःthe son of Kunti
कौन्तेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनःwhose eyes were reddened with anger
क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोध-संरक्त-लोचन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामयन्desiring
कामयन्:
TypeVerb
Root√कम् (कामयति)
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेनwith him / by him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
युद्धम्battle, fight
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचनम्words, speech
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अवीत्said, spoke
अवीत्:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kaunteya (son of Kunti)
C
Chariot (ratha)
D
Duel/combat (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Kshatriya impulse toward direct, honorable combat, while also showing how anger can color perception; it implicitly invites reflection on how dharma in war requires courage without being ruled by wrath.

The son of Kunti rushes up to his opponent and, wanting a chariot-to-chariot duel, speaks a challenge—signaling escalation into formal single combat.