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Shloka 21

Bhīṣma’s Dream-Counsel and the Prasvāpa Astra (भीष्मस्वप्नदर्शनम् / प्रस्वापास्त्रोपदेशः)

भीष्म उवाच एवमुक्तः स पितृभिः पितृन्‌ रामो<ब्रवीदिदम्‌ । नाहं युधि निवर्तेयमिति मे व्रतमाहितम्‌,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--राजन्‌! पितरोंके ऐसा कहनेपर परशुरामजीने उनसे इस प्रकार कहा--मैं युद्धमें पीठ नहीं दिखाऊँगा। यह मेरा चिरकालसे धारण किया हुआ व्रत है

bhīṣma uvāca evam uktaḥ sa pitṛbhiḥ pitṝn rāmo 'bravīd idam | nāhaṃ yudhi nivarteyam iti me vratam āhitam ||

भीष्म उवाच—एवमुक्तः स पितृभिः पितॄन् रामोऽब्रवीदिदम्। नाहं युधि निवर्तेयम् इति मे व्रतमाहितम्॥

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formkta (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितृभिःby the fathers/ancestors
पितृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पितॄन्the fathers/ancestors
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रामःRama (Parashurama)
रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निवर्तेयम्I would turn back / retreat
निवर्तेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिवृत् (नि+वृत्)
FormOptative, 1, Singular, Atmanepada
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
व्रतम्vow
व्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आहितम्placed/established; undertaken
आहितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-धा
Formkta (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
Rama (Parashurama)
P
Pitrs (ancestors/forefathers)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores steadfastness to a solemn vow—especially a warrior’s pledge not to retreat—while also implying an ethical tension: even venerable ancestral counsel may not override a personally undertaken vrata when one’s sense of dharma is bound to it.

Bhishma narrates that after the Pitrs address Rama (Parashurama), Parashurama responds directly to them, declaring that he will not withdraw from battle because he has long maintained a vow of never showing his back in war.