Shloka 38

तत्र वृद्धतम: कश्चित्‌ कोलिको नाम मूषिक: । अब्रवीद्‌ वचन राजन्‌ ज्ञातिमध्ये यथातथम्‌,“उनमें कोलिक नामसे प्रसिद्ध कोई चूहा था, जो अपने भाई-बन्धुओंमें सबसे बूढ़ा था। उसने सब लोगोंको यथार्थ बात बतायी--

tatra vṛddhatamaḥ kaścit koliko nāma mūṣikaḥ | abravīd vacanaṁ rājan jñātimadhye yathātatham ||

तत्र वृद्धतमः कश्चित् कोलिको नाम मूषिकः। स राजन् ज्ञातिमध्ये यथातथ्यं वचनमब्रवीत्।

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वृद्धतमःthe oldest
वृद्धतमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Superlative
कश्चित्a certain (one)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कोलिकःKolika (name)
कोलिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोलिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
मूषिकःmouse
मूषिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूषिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said / spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वचनम्words / speech
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ज्ञातिamong kinsmen
ज्ञाति:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
यथाas / according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथम्so / thus / truly
तथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथम्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rājan (the King, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
K
Kolika (mouse)
J
jñāti (kinsmen/relatives of Kolika)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical value of yathātatham—speaking the truth plainly—especially when offered as counsel within one’s own community, and it associates such truthful guidance with seniority and responsibility.

Sañjaya tells the King that, among a group of mice, the eldest one named Kolika addressed his relatives and spoke candidly, setting up a moment of advice or warning delivered to the clan.