Shloka 31
Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma
Devanagari script
मा धूमाय ज्वलात्यन्तमाक्रम्य जहि शात्रवान्
Transliteration
mā dhūmāya jvalātyantam ākramya jahi śātravān
Translation
मा धूमाय ज्वलात्यन्तमाक्रम्य जहि शात्रवान् ।
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle used with imperative/optative
धूमायfor smoke / to smoke
धूमाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधूम
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
ज्वलburn; blaze
ज्वल:
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल्
FormImperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
अत्यन्तम्excessively; utterly
अत्यन्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त
FormAdverb
आक्रम्यhaving attacked; having advanced upon
आक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-क्रम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), indeclinable
जहिslay; kill
जहि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormImperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
शात्रवान्enemies
शात्रवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशात्रव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
Vāyu-devaE
enemies (śātravāḥ)S
smoke (dhūma)F
flame/fire (jvalā)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Do not be deterred by obscuring, secondary threats (like smoke); confront the real danger directly with courage and purposeful action, especially when duty requires decisive resistance to hostility.
Vāyu-deva delivers a forceful exhortation to advance rather than hesitate—urging the hearer to push through confusion and fear and to defeat the enemies with determined effort.