Shloka 45

Yuddha-yajña-vyākhyāna (The Battle as Sacrifice): Ambarīṣa–Indra Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

नहाजन्न॑नोदकं॑ तस्य न स्नानं नाप्पोशौचकम्‌

Transliteration

na hāj jannodakaṃ tasya na snānaṃ nāppośaucakam

Translation

न ह्याज्ञान्नोदकं तस्य न स्नानं नाप्सु शौचकम् ।

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ह: indeed/for emphasis
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• अजानन्: not knowing; ignorant
• अजानन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजानत् (अ-√ज्ञा)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उदकम्: water
• उदकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तस्य: of him/of that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• स्नानम्: bathing
• स्नानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• न: nor/not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अप्: water (as a purifying element)
• अप्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• शौचकम्: purifying; cleansing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शौचक
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अम्बरीष उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Ambarīṣa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

External acts of purification—bathing and water-rites—are not sufficient by themselves; true purity is grounded in inner restraint, ethical conduct, and dharmic living.

What is happening in the narrative?

Ambarīṣa is speaking in a didactic context, dismissing the necessity of mere water-based ritual cleansing for a certain person, thereby redirecting attention from outward ritual to the deeper standard of inner purity and conduct.