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Shloka 23

Kṣātra-dharma in Campaign and Battle: Protection, Purification, and the Ideal Warrior’s End (क्षात्रधर्मः—अभियानयुद्धे रक्षणदानशुद्धिः)

अधर्म: क्षत्रियस्यैष यच्छय्यामरणं भवेत्‌ । विसृजन्‌ श्लेष्ममूत्राणि कृपणं परिदेवयन्‌,खाटपर सोकर मरना क्षत्रियके लिये अधर्म है। जो क्षत्रिय कफ और मल-मूत्र छोड़ता तथा दुखी होकर विलाप करता हुआ बिना घायल हुए शरीरसे मृत्युको प्राप्त हो जाता है, उसके इस कर्मकी प्राचीन धर्मको जानने-वाले विद्वान्‌ पुरुष प्रशंसा नहीं करते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | adharmaḥ kṣatriyasya eṣa yacchayyāmaraṇaṃ bhavet | visṛjan śleṣmamūtrāṇi kṛpaṇaṃ paridevayan |

अधर्मः क्षत्रियस्यैष यच्छय्यामरणं भवेत् । विसृजन् श्लेष्ममूत्राणि कृपणं परिदेवयन् ॥

अधर्मःunrighteousness, adharma
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियस्यof a Kshatriya
क्षत्रियस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
शय्या-मरणम्death on a bed (bed-death)
शय्या-मरणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशय्या-मरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would be / should occur
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विसृजन्releasing, voiding
विसृजन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√सृज्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
श्लेष्म-मूत्राणिphlegm and urine
श्लेष्म-मूत्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्लेष्म-मूत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कृपणम्wretchedly, miserably (as a wretch)
कृपणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिदेवयन्lamenting, wailing
परिदेवयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√दिव् (परिदेवयति)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
Kshatriya

Educational Q&A

Bhishma asserts a norm of kshatriya-dharma: a warrior’s ideal end is not a helpless, bed-bound death marked by bodily decay and fearful lamentation, but a courageous, duty-aligned death—typically associated with battle or steadfastness.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is advising on proper conduct for the warrior class, criticizing an unheroic death in bed accompanied by pitiable lamentation as something the tradition’s learned authorities do not commend.