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Shloka 36

Mantri-Parīkṣā — Testing Ministers, Securing Counsel, and Ethical Criteria for Advisers (अध्याय ८४)

एतान्‌ सहायॉल्लिप्से था: सर्वास्वापत्सु भारत | भरतनन्दन युधिष्ठिर! मन्त्रियोंको, अत्यन्त शूरवीर पुरुषोंको, दविद्वान्‌ ब्राह्मणोंको, पूर्णतया संतुष्ट रहनेवालॉंको और सभी कार्योंके लिये उत्साह रखनेवालोंको--इन सब लोगोंको तुम सभी आपत्तियोंके समय सहायक बनानेकी इच्छा करना,योअमित्रै: सह सम्बद्धो न पौरान्‌ बहु मन्यते । असुद्वत्‌ तादृशो ज्ञेयो न मन्त्र श्रोतुमहीति जिसका शत्रुओंके साथ सम्बन्ध हो तथा अपने राज्यके नागरिकोंके प्रति जिसकी अधिक आदरबुद्धि न हो, ऐसे मनुष्यको सुहृद्‌ नहीं मानना चाहिये। वह भी गुप्त सलाह सुननेका अधिकारी नहीं है

bhīṣma uvāca | etān sahāyān lipsethāḥ sarvāsv āpatsu bhārata | bharatanandana yudhiṣṭhira mantriṇaḥ atyantaśūravīrapuruṣān vidvān brāhmaṇān pūrṇatayā saṃtuṣṭarahitān sarvakāryeṣu utsāhavataś ca—etān sarvān āpatsu sahāyān kartum icchet | yo 'mitraiḥ saha sambaddho na paurān bahu manyate | asuhṛt tādṛśo jñeyo na mantraṃ śrotum arhati ||

एतान् सहायान् लिप्सेथाः सर्वास्वापत्सु भारत। योऽमित्रैः सह सम्बद्धो न पौरान् बहु मन्यते। असुहृत् तादृशो ज्ञेयो न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति॥

एतान्these (persons)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सहायान्helpers, allies
सहायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
लिप्सेथाःyou desire to obtain
लिप्सेथाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootलिप्स् (लभ्-देशिदेरिवेटिव् इच्छार्थे)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
सर्वासुin all
सर्वासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
आपत्सुin calamities, crises
आपत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
योwho
यो:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अमित्रैःwith enemies
अमित्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
सम्बद्धःconnected, associated
सम्बद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-बद्ध (बन्ध् धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पौरान्citizens, townsmen
पौरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बहुmuch, greatly
बहु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहु
मन्यतेrespects, thinks highly of
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
असूद्वत्like a foe/hostile one (as if murderous)
असूद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसूद्वत् (उपमा-प्रत्ययवत् अव्यय)
तादृशःsuch a one
तादृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञेयःis to be known/considered
ज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातोः तव्यत्/यत्—ज्ञेय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मन्त्रcounsel, secret plan
मन्त्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातोः तुमुन्)
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हतिis entitled, deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Bharata (epithet/address)
B
Bharatanandana (epithet of Yudhishthira)
M
ministers (mantriṇaḥ)
B
Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ)
C
citizens/subjects (paurāḥ)
E
enemies (amitrāḥ)

Educational Q&A

In crises, a king should rely on competent and virtuous supporters—wise ministers, brave men, learned Brahmins, contented (incorruptible) persons, and energetic workers—while excluding from confidential counsel anyone tied to enemies or indifferent to the welfare of the king’s own citizens.

During Bhishma’s instruction on rājadharma in the Śānti Parva, he advises Yudhishthira on selecting trustworthy helpers and on safeguarding state secrets by denying access to counsel to those with enemy connections or lacking respect for the realm’s people.