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Shloka 96

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

विधवाश्व भवन्त्यत्र नृशंसा जायते प्रजा । क्वचिद्‌ वर्षति पर्जन्य: क्वचित्‌ सस्य॑ प्ररोहति,इस युगमें स्त्रियाँ प्रायः विधवा होती हैं, प्रजा क्रूर हो जाती है, बादल कहीं-कहीं पानी बरसाते हैं और कहीं-कहीं ही धान उत्पन्न होता है

vidhavāśva bhavanty atra nṛśaṃsā jāyate prajā | kvacid varṣati parjanyaḥ kvacit sasyaṃ prarohati ||

भीष्म उवाच—विधवाश्च भवन्त्यत्र स्त्रियो बह्व्यः, नृशंसा जायते प्रजा। क्वचिद् वर्षति पर्जन्यः, क्वचित् सस्यं प्ररोहति।

विधवाwidows
विधवा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधवा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
नृशंसाcruel (one)/cruel
नृशंसा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born/arises/becomes
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रजाthe people/subjects
प्रजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
क्वचित्somewhere/sometimes
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
वर्षतिrains
वर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पर्जन्यःrain-cloud/rain-god
पर्जन्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्जन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्वचित्elsewhere/sometimes
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
सस्यम्crop/grain
सस्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्ररोहतिsprouts/grows
प्ररोहति:
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Parjanya (rain/cloud)

Educational Q&A

The verse links moral decline with social suffering and ecological imbalance: when dharma weakens, society becomes harsh (nṛśaṃsa), families are destabilized (widowhood), and even nature appears irregular (uneven rains and crops).

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and the conditions of ages; here he describes distressing signs of a degenerate time—social cruelty and disrupted prosperity—using widowhood and erratic rainfall/crop growth as markers.