Shloka 20

Devanagari script

उपासिता च वृद्धानां जिततन्द्रिरलोलुप: । सतां वृत्ते स्थितमति: संतोष्यश्चारुदर्शन:,राजाको वृद्ध पुरुषोंकी उपासना (सेवा या संग) करनी चाहिये, वह आलस्यको जीते और लोलुपताका परित्याग करे। सत्पुरुषोंके व्यवहारमें मन लगावे। संतुष्ट होने योग्य स्वभाव बनाये रखे। वेश-भूषा ऐसी रखे, जिससे वह देखनेमें अत्यन्त मनोहर जान पड़े

Transliteration

upāsitā ca vṛddhānāṃ jitatandrir alolupaḥ | satāṃ vṛtte sthitamatīḥ santoṣyaś cārudarśanaḥ ||

Translation

भीष्म उवाच—राजा वृद्धानामुपासिता स्यात्, जिततन्द्रिरलोलुपश्च। सतां वृत्ते स्थितमतिः, संतोष्यः, चारुदर्शनश्च भवेत्; यथा स शासनं संयमेन सदाचारदर्शनेन च प्रतिष्ठापयेत्।

Word by Word

• {'upāsitā (upāsitaḥ)': 'one who attends upon

• keeps close company with (especially elders/teachers)', 'vṛddhānām': 'of the elders

• of the aged and experienced', 'jita-tandriḥ': 'having conquered lethargy/sloth

• disciplined and vigilant', 'a-lolupaḥ': 'not greedy

• free from covetousness and excessive desire', 'satām': 'of the good/virtuous people', 'vṛtte': 'in conduct

• in customary behavior and ethical practice', 'sthita-matiḥ': 'steady-minded

• mentally established', 'santoṣyaḥ': 'contented

• easily pleased in rightful ways', 'cāru-darśanaḥ': 'pleasant to look at

• of agreeable appearance and demeanor', 'rājā': 'the king

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rājā
• vṛddhāḥ (elders)
• sat (virtuous people)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma outlines key virtues for a ruler: reverence and service toward elders, personal discipline (overcoming laziness), freedom from greed, commitment to the ethical conduct of the good, a contented temperament, and a dignified, pleasing public presence that supports trust and order.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on the qualities and habits that sustain righteous kingship, emphasizing moral self-control and alignment with the example of virtuous elders.