Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

धार्यते हि त्वया ग्रन्थ उभयोर्वेदशास्त्रयो: । नच ग्रन्थस्य तत्त्वज्ञो यथातत्त्व॑ नरेश्वर,नरेश्वर! इसमें संदेह नहीं कि वेद-शास्त्रोंमें जो कुछ लिखा है, वह सब तुम्हें याद है; परंतु ग्रन्थके यथार्थ तत्त्वका तुम्हें ठीक-ठीक ज्ञान नहीं है

dhāryate hi tvayā grantha ubhayor vedaśāstrayoḥ | na ca granthasya tattvajño yathātattvaṁ nareśvara ||

वसिष्ठ उवाच—धार्यते हि त्वया ग्रन्थ उभयोर्वेदशास्त्रयोः। न च ग्रन्थस्य तत्त्वज्ञो यथातत्त्वं नरेश्वर॥

धार्यतेis borne/retained (is kept in memory)
धार्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धारणे)
FormLat, Atmanepada, Karmani, Prathama, Eka
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Trtiya, Eka
ग्रन्थःthe text/treatise
ग्रन्थः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्रन्थ
FormPum, Prathama, Eka
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
Form—, Sasthi, Dvi
वेदशास्त्रयोःof the Veda and the śāstra (treatise)
वेदशास्त्रयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootवेद-शास्त्र
FormNapum, Sasthi, Dvi
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ग्रन्थस्यof the text
ग्रन्थस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootग्रन्थ
FormPum, Sasthi, Eka
तत्त्वज्ञःknower of the reality/true principle
तत्त्वज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतत्त्वज्ञ
FormPum, Prathama, Eka
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तत्त्वम्the true reality/principle
तत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNapum, Dvitiya, Eka
नर-ईश्वरO lord of men (king)
नर-ईश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनर-ईश्वर
FormPum, Sambodhana, Eka

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
N
nareśvara (the king, unnamed in this verse)
V
Veda
Ś
Śāstra
G
Grantha (scriptural text)

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes between merely retaining sacred texts and truly grasping their essence (tattva). Ethical and dharmic living requires insight into meaning and purpose, not only recitation or textual mastery.

Vasiṣṭha addresses a king and gently rebukes him: although the king has memorized the Veda and śāstras, he lacks correct understanding of their true purport. The scene functions as instruction on how rulers should seek wisdom beyond rote learning.