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Shloka 20

Vasiṣṭha–Karāla-Janaka Saṃvāda: Aśuddha-Sevana, Guṇa-Dr̥ṣṭi, and Sāṃkhya–Yoga Ekārthatā

Mahābhārata 12.293

अतिक्रामेन्मज्जमानो विविधेन नर: सदा । तथा प्रयत्न कुर्वीत यथा मुच्येत संश्रयात्‌,अवहेलना अथवा अअभश्रद्धासे जो कुछ दिया जाता है, उसे सत्यवादी मुनियोंने अधम श्रेणीका दान कहा है। डूबता हुआ मनुष्य जिस तरह नाना प्रकारके उपायद्वारा समुद्रसे पार हो जाता है, वैसे ही तुमको भी सदा ऐसा प्रयत्न करना चाहिये, जिस प्रकार संसार-समुद्रसे छुटकारा मिले

atikrāmen majjamāno vividhenā naraḥ sadā | tathā prayatnaṁ kurvīta yathā mucyeta saṁśrayāt ||

अतिक्रामेन्मज्जमानो विविधेन नरः सदा । तथा प्रयत्नं कुर्वीत यथा मुच्येत संश्रयात्॥

अतिक्रामेत्should cross over / should pass beyond
अतिक्रामेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (potential), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
मज्जमानःsinking (one)
मज्जमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमज्ज्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
विविधेनby various (means)
विविधेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
तथाthus / in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रयत्नम्effort
प्रयत्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयत्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वीतshould do / should make
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (potential), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाso that / in such a way that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मुच्येतmay be freed / should be released
मुच्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (potential), 3, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive sense (is released)
संश्रयात्from dependence / from resorting (to worldly support)
संश्रयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंश्रय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

पराशर (Parāśara)
नर (a person/man)
समुद्र (ocean, implied by the drowning simile)

Educational Q&A

One should make sustained, practical effort—like a drowning person using every available means—to free oneself from worldly dependence and attachment, aiming at release from saṁsāra.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, Parāśara advises the listener through a vivid simile: the urgency and ingenuity of a drowning person becomes the model for spiritual striving toward liberation.