Shloka 20
Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech
Devanagari script
स्वजनं हि यदा मृत्युर्हन्त्येव तव पश्यत: । कृते5पि यत्ने महति तत्र बोद्धव्यमात्मना,“जब स्वजनोंको तुम्हारे देखते-देखते ही मौत मार ही डालती है और तुम उन्हें बचानेके लिये महान् प्रयत्न करनेपर भी सफल नहीं हो पाते, तब इस विषयमें तुम्हें स्वयं ही यह विचार करना चाहिये कि मेरी क्या शक्ति है?”
Transliteration
Bhīṣma uvāca: svajanaṃ hi yadā mṛtyur hanty eva tava paśyataḥ | kṛte 'pi yatne mahati tatra boddhavyam ātmanā ||
Translation
स्वजनं हि यदा मृत्युर्हन्त्येव तव पश्यतः । कृतेऽपि यत्ने महति तत्र बोद्धव्यमात्मना ॥
Word by Word
स्वजनम्one's own kinsman/relative
स्वजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हन्तिkills/strikes down
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवcertainly/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
पश्यतःwhile (you are) seeing; in your presence
पश्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपश्यत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कृतेwhen done/when made; even when (it is) done
कृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यत्नेin (your) effort
यत्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
महतिgreat
महति:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तत्रthere/in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
बोद्धव्यम्should be understood/realized
बोद्धव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive sense
आत्मनाby oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaM
Mṛtyu (Death)S
svajana (one’s kinsmen/relatives)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes