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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

नमो ब्राह्मणयज्ञाय ये च यज्ञविदो जना: । स्वयज्ञं ब्राह्मणा हित्वा क्षत्रयज्ञमिहास्थिता:

namo brāhmaṇayajñāya ye ca yajñavido janāḥ | svayajñaṃ brāhmaṇā hitvā kṣatrayajñam ihāsthitāḥ, vipra! |

नमो ब्राह्मणयज्ञाय ये च यज्ञविदो जनाः । स्वयज्ञं ब्राह्मणा हित्वा क्षत्रयज्ञमिहास्थिताः ॥

नमःsalutation; homage
नमः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस्
Formindeclinable (interjection)
ब्राह्मण-यज्ञायto the Brahmin-sacrifice (the sacrifice prescribed for Brahmins)
ब्राह्मण-यज्ञाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणयज्ञ
Formmasculine, dative, singular
येwho; those who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)
यज्ञ-विदःknowers of sacrifice
यज्ञ-विदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञविद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
स्व-यज्ञम्their own sacrifice
स्व-यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयज्ञ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
हित्वाhaving abandoned; having left
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (जहाति)
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), 'having abandoned'
क्षत्र-यज्ञम्the Kshatriya-sacrifice (warrior-appropriate rite)
क्षत्र-यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रयज्ञ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इहhere; in this world/at this time
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable (adverb)
आस्थिताःhaving taken to; engaged in; resorted to
आस्थिताः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formpast passive participle (क्त), masculine nominative plural
विप्रO Brahmin; O learned one
विप्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

चुलाधार उवाच

चुलाधार (Cūlādhāra)
विप्र/ब्राह्मण (Brahmin)
क्षत्र (Kṣatriya)

Educational Q&A

Cūlādhāra emphasizes svadharma: each social and ethical role has its own proper discipline. He honors true knowledge of yajña, but criticizes Brahmins who abandon their own prescribed religious-ethical practice and take up Kṣatriya-like pursuits, implying that role-confusion undermines dharma.

In a didactic exchange in Śānti Parva, Cūlādhāra addresses a Brahmin (vipra). He offers respectful homage to the Brahminical ideal of yajña and to its genuine experts, then laments a contemporary decline: Brahmins are forsaking their own path and engaging in warrior-type rites and conduct.