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Shloka 11

चिरकारि-उपाख्यानम् / The Exemplum of Cirakārī: Deliberation Before Irreversible Action

क्रूर स्‍्वभाववाले पापी भी पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ सत्यकी शपथ खाकर ही आपसमें द्रोह या विवादसे बचे रहते हैं। इतना ही नहीं, वे सत्यका आश्रय लेकर सत्यकी ही दुहाई देकर अपने-अपने कर्मोमें प्रवृत्त होते हैं

krūra-svabhāvavāle pāpino 'pi pṛthak-pṛthak satyasya śapathaṃ kṛtvāiva parasparaṃ drohāt vā vivādāt vā rakṣyante. na kevalam; te satyam āśritya satyasyaiva duhāṃ dattvā sva-sva-karmasu pravartante.

भीष्म उवाच—क्रूरस्वभावा अपि पापाः पृथक्पृथक् सत्यस्य शपथं कृत्वैव परस्परद्रोहविवादाभ्यां निवर्तन्ते। सत्यं शरणं कृत्वा सत्यं साक्षिणं कृत्वा स्वकर्मसु प्रवर्तन्ते॥

krūracruel
krūra:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootkrūra
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
svabhāva-vālaḥhaving a nature (that is) cruel
svabhāva-vālaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsvabhāva-vālin
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
pāpinaḥsinners
pāpinaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpāpin
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
apieven/also
api:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi
pṛthakseparately
pṛthak:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak
pṛthakeach individually
pṛthak:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak
satyaof truth
satya:
TypeNoun
Rootsatya
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
śapathamoath
śapatham:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootśapatha
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
khātvāhaving eaten (lit.; here intended: having taken)
khātvā:
TypeVerb
Root√khād (khādati)
Formktvā (absolutive), Parasmaipada
evaindeed/only
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
āpasammutually/among themselves
āpasam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootāpas (mutuality)
drohātfrom treachery/hostility
drohāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootdroha
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
or
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
vivādātfrom dispute
vivādāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootvivāda
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
bacantethey avoid/are saved
bacante:
TypeVerb
Root√vac (vacati)
FormPresent, Indicative, 3, Plural, Ātmanepada
tiṣṭhantithey remain/stand
tiṣṭhanti:
TypeVerb
Root√sthā (tiṣṭhati)
FormPresent, Indicative, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
kevalamonly/merely
kevalam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkevala
tethey
te:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
satyatruth
satya:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsatya
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
āśrityahaving resorted to
āśritya:
TypeVerb
Rootā-√śri (śrayati)
Formktvā/lyap (absolutive), Parasmaipada
satyaof truth
satya:
TypeNoun
Rootsatya
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
evaindeed
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
duhāyāby (the) appeal/invocation
duhāyā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootduhāyā (from duhā ‘invocation/appeal’)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
dattvāhaving given/uttering
dattvā:
TypeVerb
Root√dā (dadāti)
Formktvā (absolutive), Parasmaipada
sva-svain their respective
sva-sva:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootsva
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
karmasuin actions/deeds
karmasu:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootkarman
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
pravartantethey engage/proceed
pravartante:
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√vṛt (vartate)
FormPresent, Indicative, 3, Plural, Ātmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Truth (satya) functions as a regulating moral force: even people of sinful and cruel tendencies restrain treachery and disputes when bound by an oath to truth and when they invoke truth as a witness to their actions.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Shanti Parva, he highlights how social trust and restraint can arise from commitment to satya—showing that oaths and the public invocation of truth can curb conflict even among those otherwise inclined to wrongdoing.