Shloka 1

ऑपनआक्रात बछ। 2 षट्चत्वारिशंर्दाधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: परमात्माकी श्रेष्ठता, उसके दर्शनका उपाय तथा इस ज्ञानमय उपदेशके पात्रका निर्णय व्यास उवाच प्रकृत्यास्तु विकारा ये क्षेत्रज्ञस्तैरधिष्ठित: । न चैनं ते प्रजानन्ति स तु जानाति तानपि,अफत-४#-कातज सप्तचत्वारिशर्दाधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: महाभूतादि तत्त्वोंका विवेचन शुक उवाच अध्यात्म विस्तरेणेह पुनरेव वदस्व मे । यदशध्यात्मं यथा वेद भगवनृषिसत्तम शुकदेवजीने कहा--भगवन! मुनिश्रेष्ठ) अब पुनः मुझे अध्यात्मज्ञानका विस्तारपूर्वक उपदेश दीजिये। अध्यात्म क्या है और उसे मैं कैसे जानूँगा?

vyāsa uvāca | prakṛtyāstu vikārā ye kṣetrajñastair adhiṣṭhitaḥ | na cainaṃ te prajānanti sa tu jānāti tān api ||

व्यास उवाच— प्रकृत्यास्तु विकारा ये क्षेत्रज्ञस्तैरधिष्ठितः । न चैनं ते प्रजानन्ति स तु जानाति तानपि ॥ शुक उवाच— अध्यात्मं विस्तरेणेह पुनरेव वदस्व मे । यदध्यात्मं यथा वेद भगवन् ऋषिसत्तम ॥

व्यासःVyasa
व्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रकृतेःof Prakriti (nature)
प्रकृतेः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विकाराःmodifications, transformations
विकाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwhich
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षेत्रज्ञःthe knower of the field (Self)
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अधिष्ठितःpresided over, governed
अधिष्ठितः:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him/this (Self)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रजानन्तिknow, recognize
प्रजानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ज्ञा
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुhowever/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
जानातिknows
जानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
P
Prakṛti
K
Kṣetrajña (the Self/Knower of the Field)

Educational Q&A

Nature’s changing products (prakṛti-vikāras) operate under the presence of the conscious Self (kṣetrajña). The mutable cannot ‘know’ the knower; consciousness illumines and knows all states, while remaining distinct from them. This supports ethical discernment and detachment from bodily-mental fluctuations.

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Vyāsa articulates a metaphysical point: the Self presides over the evolutes of nature, yet those evolutes do not comprehend the Self. The discourse frames the path toward right understanding of the Self as superior to material processes.