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Shloka 5

नृशंस-लक्षणनिर्णयः | Determining the Marks of Cruel Conduct

Nṛśaṃsa

वायुरुवाच अहमप्येवमेव त्वां कुर्वाण: शाल्मले रुषा | आत्मना यत्कृतं कृच्छे शाखानामपकर्षणम्‌,वायुने कहा--शाल्मले! मैं भी रोषमें भरकर तुम्हें ऐसा ही बना देना चाहता था। तुमने स्वयं ही यह कष्ट स्वीकार कर लिया है, तुम्हारी शाखाएँ गिर गयीं, फूल पत्ते, डालियाँ और अंकुर सभी नष्ट हो गये। तुमने अपनी ही कुमतिसे यह विपत्ति मोल ली है। तुम्हें मेरे बल और पराक्रमका शिकार बनना पड़ा है

vāyur uvāca: aham apy evam eva tvāṁ kurvāṇaḥ śālmale ruṣā | ātmanā yat kṛtaṁ kṛcchre śākhānām apakarṣaṇam ||

वायुरुवाच अहमप्येवमेव त्वां कुर्वाणः शाल्मले रुषा । आत्मना यत्कृतं कृच्छ्रं शाखानामपकर्षणम् ॥

वायुःWind (Vayu)
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormAccusative, Singular
कुर्वाणःdoing/making (intending to do)
कुर्वाणः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शाल्मलेO Śālmali (silk-cotton tree)
शाल्मले:
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्मलि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रुषाwith anger
रुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरुष्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आत्मनाby oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यत्which/that (what)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृच्छ्रेin hardship/distress
कृच्छ्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शाखानाम्of (the) branches
शाखानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशाखा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
अपकर्षणम्pulling away/removal
अपकर्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपकर्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

V
Vāyu (Wind-god)
Ś
Śālmali (silk-cotton tree, personified)
B
branches (śākhāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses moral causality: suffering often arises from one’s own misguided choices. Even when an external force (like Vāyu) is involved, the deeper lesson is to avoid pride and rashness, since one’s own conduct can invite ruin.

Vāyu addresses the Śālmali tree, saying that in anger he intended to punish it, but the tree has effectively brought the painful loss of its branches upon itself; thus it has become subject to Vāyu’s power and force.