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Shloka 16

Satya-lakṣaṇa (The Characteristics and Forms of Truth) | सत्यलक्षणम्

चन्दनै: स्यन्दनै: शालै: सरलैदेवदारुभि: । वेतसैर्धन्वनैश्लापि ये चान्ये बलवत्तरा:,तस्मात्‌ त॑ वै नमस्यन्ति श्वसनं तरुसत्तमा: । चन्दन, स्यन्दन (तिनिश), शाल, सरल, देवदारु, वेतस (बेत), धामिन तथा अन्य जो बलवान वृक्ष हैं, उन जितात्मा वृक्षोंने भी कभी इस प्रकार वायु-देवपर आक्षेप नहीं किया है। दुर्बुद्धे! वे भी अपने और वायुके बलको अच्छी तरह जानते हैं; इसीलिये वे श्रेष्ठ वृक्ष वायुदेवके सामने मस्तक झुका देते हैं

candanais syandanaiḥ śālaiḥ saralaiḥ devadārubhiḥ | vetasair dhanvanaiś cāpi ye cānye balavattarāḥ, tasmāt taṁ vai namasyanti śvasanaṁ tarusattamāḥ |

चन्दनैः स्यन्दनैः शालैः सरलैर्देवदारुभिः । वेतसैर्धन्वनैश्चापि ये चान्ये बलवत्तराः ॥ तस्मात् तं वै नमस्यन्ति श्वसनं तरुसत्तमाः ।

चन्दनैःby/with sandalwood trees
चन्दनैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्दन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
स्यन्दनैःby/with syandana (tiniśa) trees
स्यन्दनैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्यन्दन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शालैःby/with śāla trees
शालैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सरलैःby/with pine trees
सरलैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसरल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
देवदारुभिःby/with deodars (devadāru trees)
देवदारुभिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवदारु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वेतसैःby/with vetasa (willow/reed) trees
वेतसैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेतस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
धन्वनैःby/with dhanvana trees
धन्वनैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधन्वन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
येwho/which
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येother
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बलवत्तराःstronger/very strong
बलवत्तराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed/surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
नमस्यन्तिbow to / pay homage
नमस्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनमस् (नमस्यति)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
श्वसनम्the Wind (Vāyu), the breather
श्वसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्वसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तरुसत्तमाःthe best of trees
तरुसत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतरु-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
V
Vāyu (Wind-god, implied by śvasanam)
C
candana (sandalwood tree)
S
syandana/tiniśa (tree)
Ś
śāla (tree)
S
sarala (tree)
D
devadāru (deodar cedar)
V
vetasa (cane/reed tree)
D
dhanvana (tree)

Educational Q&A

Even the strongest should recognize a truly superior force and respond with humility rather than blame. The verse uses great trees as examples: knowing their own limits and the Wind’s might, they ‘bow’—teaching restraint, realism, and respectful conduct.

Nārada illustrates a moral point through a nature-based analogy: he lists powerful trees and says that they do not accuse the Wind; instead, they acknowledge its power and submit. The image supports an admonition against foolishly faulting a stronger agent and encourages wise deference.