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Shloka 30

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

रुद्राणामपि चेशान गोप्तारं विदथे प्रभुम्‌ महात्मानं महादेवं विशालाक्षं सनातनम्‌,विशाल नेत्रोंवाले सनातन महात्मा महादेवजीने अपने आपको रुद्रोंका अधीश्वर तथा शक्तिशाली संरक्षक बनाया

rudrāṇām api ceśāna goptāraṃ vidathe prabhum | mahātmānaṃ mahādevaṃ viśālākṣaṃ sanātanam ||

रुद्राणामपि चेशानं गोप्तारं विदथे प्रभुम् । महात्मानं महादेवं विशालाक्षं सनातनम् ॥

रुद्राणाम्of the Rudras
रुद्राणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ईशानĪśāna (the Lord)
ईशान:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootईशान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गोप्तारम्protector/guardian
गोप्तारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदथेin the assembly/ritual gathering
विदथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रभुम्lord/master
प्रभुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महात्मानम्the great-souled one
महात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महादेवम्Mahādeva (the great god)
महादेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहादेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विशालाक्षम्wide-eyed
विशालाक्षम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविशालाक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सनातनम्eternal
सनातनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वसुहरोम उवाच

वसुहरोम (Vasuharoma)
ईशान (Īśāna)
रुद्र (Rudra/Rudras)
महादेव (Mahādeva/Śiva)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches reverent recognition of Śiva (Mahādeva) as the supreme sovereign and protector—even over the Rudras—emphasizing an eternal divine authority that safeguards order (dharma) and presides over sacred communal rites.

Vasuharoma is offering a praise-description (stuti) of Mahādeva, identifying him with titles like Īśāna, protector, and eternal wide-eyed Lord, situating him as the presiding power in a sacred assembly/ritual context.